ἐφοβήθη
ephobethe
from φόβος; to frighten, i.e. (passively) to be alarmed; by analogy, to be in awe of, i.e. revere:--be (+ sore) afraid, fear (exceedingly), reverence.
Matthew 14:5 · Word #5
Lexicon G5399
| Lemma | φοβέω |
| Transliteration | phobéō |
| Strong's | G5399 |
Morphology V AOR PASS IND 3P SG
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state of being |
| Tense | AOR — Aorist — Simple occurrence, often past |
| Voice | PASS — Passive — The subject receives the action |
| Mood | IND — Indicative — States a fact or reality |
| Person | 3P — 3rd person — The one spoken about ("he/she/it/they") |
| Number | SG — Singular — One |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | φοβέω |
| Strong's | G5399 |
SIBI-P1 G5399-02
he was fear-struck
| Root | φοβέω (phobeō) |
| Core Meanings | to fear, to frighten, to cause alarm, to be in awe, to revere |
| Semantic Range | to be frightened, to be alarmed, to fear, to stand in awe, to revere, to show reverential respect |
| Conceptual Significance | In biblical usage, φοβέω spans ordinary fear to reverential awe before God. It can denote terror in the face of danger or holy fear that recognizes divine authority, forming a key component of covenantal reverence and wisdom theology. |
| Morphological Notes | Verb; aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular (Gr,V,IAP3,,S,). The passive form functions with a middle/deponent sense, expressing the subject’s experience of fear. |
| Rendering Rationale | The form is aorist passive indicative, third person singular. "He was fear-struck" preserves the passive morphology (indicating being acted upon or overtaken by fear) while reflecting the aorist’s simple past aspect. Although φοβέω can function deponent in this form, the passive shape still conveys entering a state of fear. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root φοβέω (to fear, to frighten, to cause alarm, to be in awe, to revere)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
G5399-01 |
ephobeito | he/she was fearing for himself/herself |
G5399-03 |
ephobethesan | they were struck with fear |
G5399-05 |
ephobounto | they were fearing (for themselves) |
Word Usage (95 occurrences of G5399)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Matthew 1:20 | φοβηθῇς | phobethes | fear |
| Matthew 2:22 | ἐφοβήθη | ephobethe | he was afraid |
| Matthew 9:8 | ἐφοβήθησαν | ephobethesan |