וּ֝/כְסִילִ֗ים

𐤅/𐤊𐤎𐤉𐤋𐤉𐤌

ukhesilim

and fools

from כָּסַל; properly, fat, i.e. (figuratively) stupid or silly; fool(-ish).

H3684

Proverbs 1:22 · Word #10

Lexicon H3684

Lemmaכְּסִיל
Lemma (Paleo)𐤊𐤎𐤉𐤋
Transliterationkᵉçîyl
Strong'sH3684
In-contextand fools

Morphology HC/Aampa All morphology codes

Part of Speech A — Adjective — Describes a noun
Subtype a — Adjective — Adjective
Gender m — Masculine — Masculine
Number p — Plural — Plural
State a — Absolute — The noun stands independently

SIBI-P1 H3684-13

and thick-dulled ones

Rootכסל (k-s-l)
Core Meaningsthickness, dullness, heaviness, stupidity, self-confident folly
Semantic Rangefools, dull-minded persons, stubbornly ignorant ones, morally insensitive people, self-confident simpletons
Conceptual SignificanceIn biblical wisdom literature, the כְּסִיל represents not mere intellectual weakness but a morally dull and stubborn person resistant to correction. The term contrasts with the wise, highlighting the spiritual and ethical danger of thickened, unresponsive hearts.
Morphological NotesConjunction וּ prefixed to masculine plural absolute form כְסִילִים; used adjectivally or substantivally; no pronominal suffix; common gender usage is masculine plural.
Rendering RationaleThe root כסל conveys the idea of thickness or dull heaviness, which figuratively developed into stubborn stupidity or self-confident folly. Rendering it as "thick-dulled ones" preserves this concrete-to-figurative connection. The form is masculine plural absolute with a prefixed conjunction וּ, hence "and" plus a masculine plural designation.

AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)

Words from Root כסל (thickness, dullness, heaviness, stupidity, self-confident folly)

SILEX Code Transliteration SIBI-P1
H3684-01 bakesilim among the thick-minded men
H3691-01 bekhiselev in Kislev
H3684-02 hakesil the thick-minded man

Word Usage (70 occurrences of H3684)

Location Form Transliteration Meaning
Psalms 49:11 כְּסִ֣יל kesil fool
Psalms 92:7 וּ֝/כְסִ֗יל ukhesil nor fool
Psalms 94:8 וּ֝/כְסִילִ֗ים ukhesilim and fools