φοβεῖσθαι

phobeisthai

to fear

from φόβος; to frighten, i.e. (passively) to be alarmed; by analogy, to be in awe of, i.e. revere:--be (+ sore) afraid, fear (exceedingly), reverence.

G5399

Romans 13:3 · Word #16

Lexicon G5399

Lemmaφοβέω
Transliterationphobéō
Strong'sG5399
In-contextto fear
Literalto-fear

Morphology V PRS MID INF All morphology codes

Part of Speech V — Verb — An action or state of being
Tense PRS — Present — Ongoing or repeated action
Voice MID — Middle — The subject acts on itself or in its own interest
Mood INF — Infinitive — The verbal idea without person/number

Lexical Info

Lemmaφοβέω
Strong'sG5399

SIBI-P1 G5399-07

to be fearing (for oneself)

Morphological NotesVerb, present tense, middle voice, infinitive (Gr,V,NPM). Present denotes ongoing aspect; middle voice form (deponent) expresses the subject’s participation in or experience of the action; infinitive functions as a verbal noun.
Rendering RationaleThe present tense conveys ongoing or continuous action, so "to be fearing" reflects an active state rather than a punctiliar event. The middle voice form, though often deponent in meaning, is preserved by "for oneself," indicating an inward or self-involving experience of fear. As an infinitive, it is rendered with "to be" to reflect its verbal-noun function.

View full lexicon entry for G5399 →

AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)

Words from Root φοβέω (to frighten, to cause fear, to be afraid, to stand in awe, to revere)

SILEX Code Transliteration SIBI-P1
G5399-01 ephobeito he/she was fearing for himself/herself
G5399-02 ephobethe he was fear-struck
G5399-03 ephobethesan they were struck with fear

Word Usage (95 occurrences of G5399)

Location Form Transliteration Meaning
Matthew 1:20 φοβηθῇς phobethes fear
Matthew 2:22 ἐφοβήθη ephobethe he was afraid
Matthew 9:8 ἐφοβήθησαν ephobethesan