אׇרְנָן

𐤀𐤓𐤍𐤍

Renan

H771 noun

SILEX Entry

Root uncertain uncertain; personal name of uncertain etymology (Jebusite)

Definition

Ornan, a personal name referring to a Jebusite individual from Jerusalem who becomes significant during the reign of King David. Ornan is noted as the owner of the threshing floor that David purchases to dedicate as a site of sacrifice. The name itself appears only in the books of Chronicles, representing an individual rather than a common noun. It does not express an attribute but identifies a person, and is likely to preserve, through an Israelite adaptation, a non-Israelite (Jebusite) name. The semantic range in biblical texts is limited to this specific individual.

Semantic Range

personal name, Jebusite individual, owner of threshing floor in Jerusalem; refers specifically and exclusively to Ornan, not to a type or class

Root / Etymology

Derived from a non-Hebrew Jebusite name, possibly from אֹרֶן (oren, 'tree') or a related root, but the etymology is uncertain and likely influenced by transmission into Hebrew. The suggestion that it comes from 'strong' is speculative and not linguistically certain. Cognate with or equivalent to אַרַוְנָה (Araunah) in 2 Samuel, probably a variant rendering of the same name in the Hebrew tradition.

Historical & Contextual Notes

Ornan appears exclusively in 1 Chronicles 21–22 as the Jebusite from whom David acquires a threshing floor on Mount Moriah for the building of an altar in response to a national calamity. In 2 Samuel 24, the same individual is called Araunah (אַרַוְנָה), and the difference is likely due to dialectal, scribal, or transliteration variations rather than reference to different persons. Both Ornan and Araunah refer to a Jebusite, i.e., an inhabitant of Jerusalem before its conquest by the Israelites, indicating the persistence of Jebusite elements in Israelite Jerusalem into the monarchic period. English translations often use 'Ornan' in Chronicles and 'Araunah' in Samuel, but these are likely two forms of the same Jebusite name. The identification with strength (as suggested by Strong's) or connection to the word for 'pine' (oren) is speculative and not confirmed by linguistic evidence. The term does not appear as an ethnic or religious label but as a personal name preserved in Israelite historical tradition.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

probably from אֹרֶן; strong; Ornan, a Jebusite; Ornan. See אֲרַוְנָה.

Bantu Hebrew

No Bantu Hebrew comparisons have been submitted for this word yet.

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Root Family

uncertain (uncertain) — uncertain; personal name of non-Israelite origin

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H1085 בִּלְדַּד Bildad
H1095 בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּר Belteshatsar
H1114 בִּלְשָׁן Bilshan
H1150 בִּנְעָא Bin'a
H116 אֱדַיִן and then

Word Forms

3 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H771-01 אָרְנָ֥ן arenan HNp Ornan Ornan 9
H771-02 לְ/אָרְנָ֔ן learenan HR/Np to Ornan to Ornan 2
H771-03 וְ/אָרְנָ֖ן vearenan HC/Np and Ornan and Ornan 1

Occurrences in Scripture

12 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H771-01 1 Chronicles 21:15 אָרְנָ֥ן arenan HNp of Ornan Ornan
H771-01 1 Chronicles 21:18 אָרְנָ֥ן arenan HNp Ornan Ornan
H771-01 1 Chronicles 21:20 אָרְנָ֗ן arenan HNp Ornan Ornan
H771-03 1 Chronicles 21:20 וְ/אָרְנָ֖ן vearenan HC/Np and Ornan and Ornan
H771-01 1 Chronicles 21:21 אָרְנָ֑ן arenan HNp Ornan Ornan
H771-01 1 Chronicles 21:21 אָרְנָן֙ arenan-2 HNp Ornan Ornan
H771-01 1 Chronicles 21:22 אָרְנָ֗ן arenan HNp Ornan Ornan
H771-01 1 Chronicles 21:23 אָרְנָ֤ן arenan HNp Ornan Ornan
H771-02 1 Chronicles 21:24 לְ/אָרְנָ֔ן learenan HR/Np to Ornan to Ornan
H771-02 1 Chronicles 21:25 לְ/אָרְנָ֖ן learenan HR/Np to Ornan to Ornan