Ecclesiastes 9

Ecclesiastes teaches that death is the inevitable fate of both the righteous and the wicked alike, with no afterlife or remembrance, yet advises people to find joy in eating, drinking, loving, and working wholeheartedly while alive.[1][2] The chapter emphasizes that success and rewards are unpredictable, governed by time and chance rather than merit, so one should make the most of life 'under the sun' despite its transient nature.[1][2]

Interlinear Text

Verse 1
כִּ֣י 𐤊𐤉 ki for/because because HC אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et object-marker [·] HTo כָּל 𐤊𐤋 kal kila (Swahili) entirety of all of HNcmsc זֶ֞ה 𐤆𐤄 zeh this one this one HPdxms נָתַ֤תִּי 𐤍𐤕𐤕𐤉 natati I gave I gave HVqp1cs אֶל 𐤀𐤋 el toward to HR לִבִּ/י֙ 𐤋𐤁/𐤉 libi my inner core my heart HNcmsc/Sp1cs וְ/לָ/ב֣וּר 𐤅/𐤋/𐤁𐤅𐤓 velavur and to bore through to examine HC/R/Vqc אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et-2 object-marker [·] HTo כָּל 𐤊𐤋 kal-2 kila (Swahili) entirety of all of HNcmsc זֶ֔ה 𐤆𐤄 zeh-2 this one this one HPdxms אֲשֶׁ֨ר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher that-which that which HTr הַ/צַּדִּיקִ֧ים 𐤄/𐤑𐤃𐤉𐤒𐤉𐤌 hatsadiqim the righteous ones the righteous ones HTd/Aampa וְ/הַ/חֲכָמִ֛ים 𐤅/𐤄/𐤇𐤊𐤌𐤉𐤌 vehachakhamim and the wise ones and the wise ones HC/Td/Aampa וַ/עֲבָדֵי/הֶ֖ם 𐤅/𐤏𐤁𐤃𐤉/𐤄𐤌 vaavadeyhem and their works and their deeds HC/Ncmpc/Sp3mp בְּ/יַ֣ד 𐤁/𐤉𐤃 beyad by the hand of in the hand of HR/Ncbsc הָ/אֱלֹהִ֑ים 𐤄/𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉𐤌 haelohim Mulimu (Lozi) the Mighty Ones the Elohim HTd/Ncmpa גַּֽם 𐤂𐤌 gam also also HTa אַהֲבָ֣ה 𐤀𐤄𐤁𐤄 ahavah affectionate love affectionate love HNcfsa גַם 𐤂𐤌 gam-2 also also HD שִׂנְאָ֗ה 𐤔𐤍𐤀𐤄 sineah hatred hatred HNcfsa אֵ֤ין 𐤀𐤉𐤍 eyn there is not there is not HTn יוֹדֵ֨עַ֙ 𐤉𐤅𐤃𐤏 yodea the knowing one the knowing one HVqrmsa הָֽ/אָדָ֔ם 𐤄/𐤀𐤃𐤌 haadam the earthling the human HTd/Ncmsa הַ/כֹּ֖ל 𐤄/𐤊𐤋 hakol kila (Swahili) the whole the all HTd/Ncmsa לִ/פְנֵי/הֶֽם 𐤋/𐤐𐤍𐤉/𐤄𐤌 lifeneyhem before their face to before their face HR/Ncbpc/Sp3mp
Verse 2
הַ/כֹּ֞ל 𐤄/𐤊𐤋 hakol kila (Swahili) the whole the all HTd/Ncmsa כַּ/אֲשֶׁ֣ר 𐤊/𐤀𐤔𐤓 kaasher as that which as that which HR/Tr לַ/כֹּ֗ל 𐤋/𐤊𐤋 lakol kila (Swahili) to the whole to the whole HRd/Ncmsa מִקְרֶ֨ה 𐤌𐤒𐤓𐤄 miqereh chance-occurrence of event of HNcmsa אֶחָ֜ד 𐤀𐤇𐤃 echad Eka (Bemba) one one HAcmsa לַ/צַּדִּ֤יק 𐤋/𐤑𐤃𐤉𐤒 latsadiq to the righteous one to the righteous one HRd/Aamsa וְ/לָ/רָשָׁע֙ 𐤅/𐤋/𐤓𐤔𐤏 velarasha and to the guilty man and to the wicked man HC/Rd/Aamsa לַ/טּוֹב֙ 𐤋/𐤈𐤅𐤁 latov to the good to the good HRd/Aamsa וְ/לַ/טָּה֣וֹר 𐤅/𐤋/𐤈𐤄𐤅𐤓 velatahor and to the pure one and to the pure one HC/Rd/Aamsa וְ/לַ/טָּמֵ֔א 𐤅/𐤋/𐤈𐤌𐤀 velatame tembe (Lingala) the ritually-unclean one and to the unclean one HC/Rd/Aamsa וְ/לַ/זֹּבֵ֔חַ 𐤅/𐤋/𐤆𐤁𐤇 velazovecha and to the slaughtering-one and to the sacrificing one HC/Rd/Vqrmsa וְ/לַ/אֲשֶׁ֖ר 𐤅/𐤋/𐤀𐤔𐤓 velaasher and to that which and to that which HC/R/Tr אֵינֶ֣/נּוּ 𐤀𐤉𐤍/𐤍𐤅 eynenu he is not he is not HTn/Sp3ms זֹבֵ֑חַ 𐤆𐤁𐤇 zovecha the slaughtering-one the sacrificing one HVqrmsa כַּ/טּוֹב֙ 𐤊/𐤈𐤅𐤁 katov as good as good HRd/Aamsa כַּֽ/חֹטֶ֔א 𐤊/𐤇𐤈𐤀 kachote the erring one as the erring one HRd/Vqrmsa הַ/נִּשְׁבָּ֕ע 𐤄/𐤍𐤔𐤁𐤏 hanisheba the oath-swearing one the oath-swearing one HTd/VNrmsa כַּ/אֲשֶׁ֖ר 𐤊/𐤀𐤔𐤓 kaasher-2 as that which as that which HR/Tr שְׁבוּעָ֥ה 𐤔𐤁𐤅𐤏𐤄 shevuah sworn oath sworn oath HNcfsa יָרֵֽא 𐤉𐤓𐤀 yare he feared he feared HVqrmsa
Verse 3
זֶ֣ה 𐤆𐤄 zeh this this one this one HPdxms רָ֗ע 𐤓𐤏 ra an evil bad bad HAamsa בְּ/כֹ֤ל 𐤁/𐤊𐤋 bekhol kila (Swahili) in all in entirety in all HR/Ncmsa אֲשֶֽׁר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher that that-which that HTr נַעֲשָׂה֙ 𐤍𐤏𐤔𐤄 naasah is done was done is done HVNp3ms תַּ֣חַת 𐤕𐤇𐤕 tachat under under; in place of under HR הַ/שֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ 𐤄/𐤔𐤌𐤔 hashemesh the sun the sun the sun HTd/Ncbsa כִּֽי 𐤊𐤉 ki that for/because for HC מִקְרֶ֥ה 𐤌𐤒𐤓𐤄 miqereh event chance-occurrence of event of HNcmsa אֶחָ֖ד 𐤀𐤇𐤃 echad Eka (Bemba) one one one HAcmsa לַ/כֹּ֑ל 𐤋/𐤊𐤋 lakol kila (Swahili) to all to the whole to the whole HRd/Ncmsa וְ/גַ֣ם 𐤅/𐤂𐤌 vegam yea also and also and also HC/Ta לֵ֣ב 𐤋𐤁 lev heart inner core of heart HNcmsc בְּֽנֵי 𐤁𐤍𐤉 beney Bene (Bemba) of sons sons of sons of HNcmpc הָ֠/אָדָם 𐤄/𐤀𐤃𐤌 haadam of man the earthling the human HTd/Ncmsa מָלֵא 𐤌𐤋𐤀 male is full full filled HVqp3ms רָ֨ע 𐤓𐤏 ra-2 of evil bad bad HAamsa וְ/הוֹלֵל֤וֹת 𐤅/𐤄𐤅𐤋𐤋𐤅𐤕 veholelot and madness and follies and follies HC/Ncfpa בִּ/לְבָבָ/ם֙ 𐤁/𐤋𐤁𐤁/𐤌 bilevavam in their hearts in their inner-core in their inner heart HR/Ncmsc/Sp3mp בְּ/חַיֵּי/הֶ֔ם 𐤁/𐤇𐤉𐤉/𐤄𐤌 bechayeyhem hai (Swahili) while they live in their lives in their lives HR/Ncmpc/Sp3mp וְ/אַחֲרָ֖י/ו 𐤅/𐤀𐤇𐤓𐤉/𐤅 veacharayv and after that and after him and after them HC/R/Sp3ms אֶל 𐤀𐤋 el to toward to HR הַ/מֵּתִֽים 𐤄/𐤌𐤕𐤉𐤌 hametim the dead the dead ones the dying ones HTd/Vqrmpa
Verse 4
Verse 5
Verse 6
Verse 7
Verse 9
רְאֵ֨ה 𐤓𐤀𐤄 reeh Enjoy See! See! HVqv2ms חַיִּ֜ים 𐤇𐤉𐤉𐤌 chayim hai (Swahili) life lives livings HNcmpa עִם 𐤏𐤌 im with if / whether with HR אִשָּׁ֣ה 𐤀𐤔𐤄 ishah the wife woman woman HNcfsa אֲשֶׁר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher whom that-which whom HTr אָהַ֗בְתָּ 𐤀𐤄𐤁𐤕 ahaveta hɔ̃ (Ewe (Gbe)) you love you loved you loved HVqp2ms כָּל 𐤊𐤋 kal kila (Swahili) all entirety of all of HNcmsc יְמֵי֙ 𐤉𐤌𐤉 yemey days days of days of HNcmpc חַיֵּ֣י 𐤇𐤉𐤉 chayey hai (Swahili) of life lives of livings of HNcmpc הֶבְלֶ֔/ךָ 𐤄𐤁𐤋/𐤊 hevelekha vulu (Kikongo) of your vanity your breath-vapor your breath-vapor HNcmsc/Sp2ms אֲשֶׁ֤ר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher-2 which that-which which HTr נָֽתַן 𐤍𐤕𐤍 natan he has given he gave he gave HVqp3ms לְ/ךָ֙ 𐤋/𐤊 lekha to you to you HR/Sp2ms תַּ֣חַת 𐤕𐤇𐤕 tachat under under; in place of under HR הַ/שֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ 𐤄/𐤔𐤌𐤔 hashemesh the sun the sun the sun HTd/Ncbsa כֹּ֖ל 𐤊𐤋 kol kila (Swahili) all the whole of all of HNcmsc יְמֵ֣י 𐤉𐤌𐤉 yemey-2 days days of days of HNcmpc הֶבְלֶ֑/ךָ 𐤄𐤁𐤋/𐤊 hevelekha-2 vulu (Kikongo) of your vanity your breath-vapor your breath-vapor HNcmsc/Sp2ms כִּ֣י 𐤊𐤉 ki for for/because for HC ה֤וּא 𐤄𐤅𐤀 hu that he it HPp3ms חֶלְקְ/ךָ֙ 𐤇𐤋𐤒/𐤊 cheleqekha is your portion your allotted portion your allotted portion HNcmsc/Sp2ms בַּֽ/חַיִּ֔ים 𐤁/𐤇𐤉𐤉𐤌 bachayim hai (Swahili) in life in the lives in the living HRd/Ncmpa וּ/בַ/עֲמָ֣לְ/ךָ֔ 𐤅/𐤁/𐤏𐤌𐤋/𐤊 uvaamalekha and in your toil and in your toilsome hardship and in your toilsome hardship HC/R/Ncbsc/Sp2ms אֲשֶׁר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher-3 which that-which which HTr אַתָּ֥ה 𐤀𐤕𐤄 atah you you you HPp2ms עָמֵ֖ל 𐤏𐤌𐤋 amel labor toiling one toiling one HAamsa תַּ֥חַת 𐤕𐤇𐤕 tachat-2 under under; in place of under HR הַ/שָּֽׁמֶשׁ 𐤄/𐤔𐤌𐤔 hashamesh the sun the sun the sun HTd/Ncbsa
Verse 10
Verse 11
שַׁ֜בְתִּי 𐤔𐤁𐤕𐤉 shaveti I returned I turned back I returned HVqp1cs וְ/רָאֹ֣ה 𐤅/𐤓𐤀𐤄 veraoh and saw and seeing and saw HC/Vqa תַֽחַת 𐤕𐤇𐤕 tachat under under; in place of under HR הַ/שֶּׁ֗מֶשׁ 𐤄/𐤔𐤌𐤔 hashemesh the sun the sun the sun HTd/Ncbsa כִּ֣י 𐤊𐤉 ki that for/because that HC לֹא֩ 𐤋𐤀 lo not not not HTn לַ/קַּלִּ֨ים 𐤋/𐤒𐤋𐤉𐤌 laqalim to the swift to the light ones to the swift HRd/Aampa הַ/מֵּר֜וֹץ 𐤄/𐤌𐤓𐤅𐤑 hamerots the race the running the race HTd/Ncmsa וְ/לֹ֧א 𐤅/𐤋𐤀 velo nor and not nor HC/Tn לַ/גִּבּוֹרִ֣ים 𐤋/𐤂𐤁𐤅𐤓𐤉𐤌 lagiborim to the mighty to the mighty men to the mighty HRd/Aampa הַ/מִּלְחָמָ֗ה 𐤄/𐤌𐤋𐤇𐤌𐤄 hamilechamah the battle the battle the battle HTd/Ncfsa וְ֠/גַם 𐤅/𐤂𐤌 vegam nor and also nor HC/Ta לֹ֣א 𐤋𐤀 lo-2 not not not HTn לַ/חֲכָמִ֥ים 𐤋/𐤇𐤊𐤌𐤉𐤌 lachakhamim to the wise to the wise ones to the wise ones HRd/Aampa לֶ֨חֶם֙ 𐤋𐤇𐤌 lechem bread bread bread HNcbsa וְ/גַ֨ם 𐤅/𐤂𐤌 vegam-2 nor and also nor HC/Ta לֹ֤א 𐤋𐤀 lo-3 not not not HTn לַ/נְּבֹנִים֙ 𐤋/𐤍𐤁𐤍𐤉𐤌 lanevonim to the discerning to the discerning ones to the discerning HRd/VNrmpa עֹ֔שֶׁר 𐤏𐤔𐤓 osher wealth material wealth material wealth HNcmsa וְ/גַ֛ם 𐤅/𐤂𐤌 vegam-3 nor and also nor HC/Ta לֹ֥א 𐤋𐤀 lo-4 not not not HTn לַ/יֹּדְעִ֖ים 𐤋/𐤉𐤃𐤏𐤉𐤌 layodeim to those who know to the knowing ones to those who know HRd/Vqrmpa חֵ֑ן 𐤇𐤍 chen favor favor favor HNcmsa כִּי 𐤊𐤉 ki-2 for for/because for HC עֵ֥ת 𐤏𐤕 et time object marker time HNcbsa וָ/פֶ֖גַע 𐤅/𐤐𐤂𐤏 vafega and chance and a chance encounter and chance HC/Ncmsa יִקְרֶ֥ה 𐤉𐤒𐤓𐤄 yiqereh happens he will encounter befalls HVqi3ms אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et-2 to object-marker [·] HTo כֻּלָּֽ/ם 𐤊𐤋/𐤌 kulam kila (Swahili) all of them the entirety of them all of them HNcmsc/Sp3mp
Verse 12
כִּ֡י 𐤊𐤉 ki for for/because for HC גַּם֩ 𐤂𐤌 gam also also also HTa לֹֽא 𐤋𐤀 lo not not not HTn יֵדַ֨ע 𐤉𐤃𐤏 yeda knows let him know knows HVqi3ms הָ/אָדָ֜ם 𐤄/𐤀𐤃𐤌 haadam man the earthling the human HTd/Ncmsa אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et - object-marker [·] HTo עִתּ֗/וֹ 𐤏𐤕/𐤅 ito his time with him his time HNcbsc/Sp3ms כַּ/דָּגִים֙ 𐤊/𐤃𐤂𐤉𐤌 kadagim dagaa (Swahili) like fish like prolific fish like fish HRd/Ncmpa שֶׁ/נֶּֽאֱחָזִים֙ 𐤔/𐤍𐤀𐤇𐤆𐤉𐤌 sheneechazim that are caught those being seized that are seized HTr/VNsmpa בִּ/מְצוֹדָ֣ה 𐤁/𐤌𐤑𐤅𐤃𐤄 bimetsodah in a net in a hunting-trap in a net HR/Ncfsa רָעָ֔ה 𐤓𐤏𐤄 raah evil evil evil HAafsa וְ/כַ֨/צִּפֳּרִ֔ים 𐤅/𐤊/𐤑𐤐𐤓𐤉𐤌 vekhatsiporim and like birds and like chirping birds and like birds HC/Rd/Ncbpa הָ/אֲחֻז֖וֹת 𐤄/𐤀𐤇𐤆𐤅𐤕 haachuzot that are caught the seized ones that are caught HTd/Vqsfpa בַּ/פָּ֑ח 𐤁/𐤐𐤇 bapach in a snare in the spread-out snare in a snare HRd/Ncmsa כָּ/הֵ֗ם 𐤊/𐤄𐤌 kahem like them they they HR/Pp3mp יֽוּקָשִׁים֙ 𐤉𐤅𐤒𐤔𐤉𐤌 yuqashim are snared ensnared ones are snared HVPsmpa בְּנֵ֣י 𐤁𐤍𐤉 beney Bene (Bemba) sons of sons of sons of HNcmpc הָֽ/אָדָ֔ם 𐤄/𐤀𐤃𐤌 haadam-2 man the earthling the human HTd/Ncmsa לְ/עֵ֣ת 𐤋/𐤏𐤕 leet at a time for an appointed time for an appointed time HR/Ncbsc רָעָ֔ה 𐤓𐤏𐤄 raah-2 evil evil evil HAafsa כְּ/שֶׁ/תִּפּ֥וֹל 𐤊/𐤔/𐤕𐤐𐤅𐤋 keshetipol when it falls she will fall when it falls HR/Tr/Vqi3fs עֲלֵי/הֶ֖ם 𐤏𐤋𐤉/𐤄𐤌 aleyhem upon them upon them upon them HR/Sp3mp פִּתְאֹֽם 𐤐𐤕𐤀𐤌 piteom suddenly suddenly suddenly HD
Verse 14
Verse 15