Hosea 10

Hosea condemns Israel as a luxuriant vine that multiplied fruit for themselves rather than YHWH, building altars and making false covenants with divided hearts, resulting in YHWH breaking down their altars and destroying their sacred pillars.[1][2] YHWH calls Israel to break up their fallow ground and sow righteousness to seek Him before judgment comes through foreign nations, warning that their trust in their own power and warriors will result in the destruction of their fortresses and the cutting off of their king.[1][2][3]

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Interlinear Text

Verse 1
a luxuriant vine grapevine grapevine emptying the one who empties luxuriant Israel El-Contends Yiserael fruit fruit-yield fruit he brings forth he makes equal he produced for himself — for himself according to the multitude according to abundance according to abundance of his fruit to his fruit of his fruit he multiplied he caused to multiply he caused to multiply the altars to the sacrifice-places the altars according to the goodness be good according to the goodness of his land to his land of his land they made better they made good they caused to be good sacred pillars standing-stones of sacred pillars
גֶּ֤פֶן 𐤂𐤐𐤍 gefen a luxuriant vine grapevine grapevine HNcbsa בּוֹקֵק֙ 𐤁𐤅𐤒𐤒 boqeq emptying the one who empties luxuriant HVqrmsa יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 yiserael Israel El-Contends Yiserael HNp פְּרִ֖י 𐤐𐤓𐤉 peri fruit fruit-yield fruit HNcmsa יְשַׁוֶּה 𐤉𐤔𐤅𐤄 yeshaveh he brings forth he makes equal he produced HVpi3ms לּ֑/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo for himself for himself HR/Sp3ms כְּ/רֹ֣ב 𐤊/𐤓𐤁 kerov according to the multitude according to abundance according to abundance HR/Ncbsa לְ/פִרְי֗/וֹ 𐤋/𐤐𐤓𐤉/𐤅 lefireyo of his fruit to his fruit of his fruit HR/Ncmsc/Sp3ms הִרְבָּה֙ 𐤄𐤓𐤁𐤄 hirebah he multiplied he caused to multiply he caused to multiply HVhp3ms לַֽ/מִּזְבְּח֔וֹת 𐤋/𐤌𐤆𐤁𐤇𐤅𐤕 lamizebechot the altars to the sacrifice-places the altars HRd/Ncmpa כְּ/ט֣וֹב 𐤊/𐤈𐤅𐤁 ketov according to the goodness be good according to the goodness HR/Aamsa לְ/אַרְצ֔/וֹ 𐤋/𐤀𐤓𐤑/𐤅 learetso Ayé (Yoruba) of his land to his land of his land HR/Ncbsc/Sp3ms הֵיטִ֖יבוּ 𐤄𐤉𐤈𐤉𐤁𐤅 heytivu they made better they made good they caused to be good HVhp3cp מַצֵּבֽוֹת 𐤌𐤑𐤁𐤅𐤕 matsevot sacred pillars standing-stones of sacred pillars HNcfpa
Verse 5
for the calves to heifers of for the calves of of Beth house-of Beyt Aven aven worthless wickedness Beyt Aven will fear they sojourn will fear the inhabitants resident of the inhabitants of of Samaria Watch-Place Shomeron for for/because for mourned but indeed mourned over it upon him over it its people his gathered people its people and its idolatrous priests and his foreign-cult priests and its idolatrous priests over it upon him over it rejoice they whirl in exultation they will rejoice over upon over its glory his weightiness its glory for for/because for has gone into exile he uncovered has gone into exile from it from us from it
לְ/עֶגְלוֹת֙ 𐤋/𐤏𐤂𐤋𐤅𐤕 leegelot for the calves to heifers of for the calves of HR/Ncfpc בֵּ֣ית 𐤁𐤉𐤕 beyt of Beth house-of Beyt Aven HNp אָ֔וֶן 𐤀𐤅𐤍 aven aven worthless wickedness Beyt Aven HNp יָג֖וּרוּ 𐤉𐤂𐤅𐤓𐤅 yaguru will fear they sojourn will fear HVqi3mp שְׁכַ֣ן 𐤔𐤊𐤍 shekhan the inhabitants resident of the inhabitants of HAamsc שֹֽׁמְר֑וֹן 𐤔𐤌𐤓𐤅𐤍 shomeron of Samaria Watch-Place Shomeron HNp כִּי 𐤊𐤉 ki for for/because for HC אָבַ֨ל 𐤀𐤁𐤋 aval mourned but indeed mourned HVqp3ms עָלָ֜י/ו 𐤏𐤋𐤉/𐤅 alayv over it upon him over it HR/Sp3ms עַמּ֗/וֹ 𐤏𐤌/𐤅 amo its people his gathered people its people HNcmsc/Sp3ms וּ/כְמָרָי/ו֙ 𐤅/𐤊𐤌𐤓𐤉/𐤅 ukhemarayv and its idolatrous priests and his foreign-cult priests and its idolatrous priests HC/Ncmpc/Sp3ms עָלָ֣י/ו 𐤏𐤋𐤉/𐤅 alayv-2 over it upon him over it HR/Sp3ms יָגִ֔ילוּ 𐤉𐤂𐤉𐤋𐤅 yagilu rejoice they whirl in exultation they will rejoice HVqi3mp עַל 𐤏𐤋 al over upon over HR כְּבוֹד֖/וֹ 𐤊𐤁𐤅𐤃/𐤅 kevodo its glory his weightiness its glory HNcbsc/Sp3ms כִּֽי 𐤊𐤉 ki-2 for for/because for HC גָלָ֥ה 𐤂𐤋𐤄 galah has gone into exile he uncovered has gone into exile HVqp3ms מִמֶּֽ/נּוּ 𐤌𐤌/𐤍𐤅 mimenu from it from us from it HR/Sp3ms
Verse 6
even also also it him [·] to Assyria to Ashshur to Ashur will be carried Brought-Forth-One will be brought forth a tribute apportioned gift-offering apportioned gift-offering to the king to a king to the king Jareb may he contend Yarev will take public disgrace disgrace Ephraim Double Fruitfulness Eferayim will take he will take he will take and will be ashamed and he will feel shame and he will be ashamed Israel El-Contends Yiserael of his counsel from his counsel from his counsel
גַּם 𐤂𐤌 gam even also also HTa אוֹת/וֹ֙ 𐤀𐤅𐤕/𐤅 oto it him [·] HTo/Sp3ms לְ/אַשּׁ֣וּר 𐤋/𐤀𐤔𐤅𐤓 leashur to Assyria to Ashshur to Ashur HR/Np יוּבָ֔ל 𐤉𐤅𐤁𐤋 yuval kubela (Kimbundu (Angola)) will be carried Brought-Forth-One will be brought forth HVHi3ms מִנְחָ֖ה 𐤌𐤍𐤇𐤄 minechah a tribute apportioned gift-offering apportioned gift-offering HNcfsa לְ/מֶ֣לֶךְ 𐤋/𐤌𐤋𐤊 lemelekhe to the king to a king to the king HR/Ncmsa יָרֵ֑ב 𐤉𐤓𐤁 yarev Jareb may he contend Yarev HNp בָּשְׁנָה֙ 𐤁𐤔𐤍𐤄 bashenah will take public disgrace disgrace HNcfsa אֶפְרַ֣יִם 𐤀𐤐𐤓𐤉𐤌 eferayim Ephraim Double Fruitfulness Eferayim HNp יִקָּ֔ח 𐤉𐤒𐤇 yiqach will take he will take he will take HVqi3ms וְ/יֵב֥וֹשׁ 𐤅/𐤉𐤁𐤅𐤔 veyevosh and will be ashamed and he will feel shame and he will be ashamed HC/Vqi3ms יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 yiserael Israel El-Contends Yiserael HNp מֵ/עֲצָתֽ/וֹ 𐤌/𐤏𐤑𐤕/𐤅 meatsato of his counsel from his counsel from his counsel HR/Ncfsc/Sp3ms
Verse 8
and they will be destroyed and they were annihilated and they will be annihilated high places elevated cult sites high places of Aven worthless wickedness worthless wickedness the sin sin-offense sin-offense of Israel El-Contends Yiserael thorns thorn thorn and thistles thorn-bush and thorn-bush will grow up he ascends will grow up on upon upon their altars their sacrifice-places their altars and they will say and they said and they will say to the mountains to mountains to mountains cover us Cover us over cover us over and to the hills and to the hills and to the hills fall Fall down! fall down on us upon us upon us
וְ/נִשְׁמְד֞וּ 𐤅/𐤍𐤔𐤌𐤃𐤅 venishemedu and they will be destroyed and they were annihilated and they will be annihilated HC/VNq3cp בָּמ֣וֹת 𐤁𐤌𐤅𐤕 bamot high places elevated cult sites high places HNcfpc אָ֗וֶן 𐤀𐤅𐤍 aven of Aven worthless wickedness worthless wickedness HNcmsa חַטַּאת֙ 𐤇𐤈𐤀𐤕 chatat the sin sin-offense sin-offense HNcfsc יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 yiserael of Israel El-Contends Yiserael HNp ק֣וֹץ 𐤒𐤅𐤑 qots thorns thorn thorn HNcmsa וְ/דַרְדַּ֔ר 𐤅/𐤃𐤓𐤃𐤓 vedaredar and thistles thorn-bush and thorn-bush HC/Ncmsa יַעֲלֶ֖ה 𐤉𐤏𐤋𐤄 yaaleh Aleya (Bemba) will grow up he ascends will grow up HVqi3ms עַל 𐤏𐤋 al on upon upon HR מִזְבְּחוֹתָ֑/ם 𐤌𐤆𐤁𐤇𐤅𐤕/𐤌 mizebechotam their altars their sacrifice-places their altars HNcmpc/Sp3mp וְ/אָמְר֤וּ 𐤅/𐤀𐤌𐤓𐤅 veameru and they will say and they said and they will say HC/Vqq3cp לֶֽ/הָרִים֙ 𐤋/𐤄𐤓𐤉𐤌 leharim to the mountains to mountains to mountains HRd/Ncmpa כַּסּ֔וּ/נוּ 𐤊𐤎𐤅/𐤍𐤅 kasunu cover us Cover us over cover us over HVpv2mp/Sp1cp וְ/לַ/גְּבָע֖וֹת 𐤅/𐤋/𐤂𐤁𐤏𐤅𐤕 velagevaot and to the hills and to the hills and to the hills HC/Rd/Ncfpa נִפְל֥וּ 𐤍𐤐𐤋𐤅 nifelu fall Fall down! fall down HVqv2mp עָלֵֽי/נוּ 𐤏𐤋𐤉/𐤍𐤅 aleynu on us upon us upon us HR/Sp1cp
Verse 11
And Ephraim and Double-Fruitfulness and Eferayim a heifer young heifer young heifer trained trained one trained one she loves loving one of loving to to thresh to thresh to thresh and-I and I and I passed over I crossed over I crossed over upon upon upon fair goodness of the goodness of her neck her nape her neck I will harness I will cause to ride I will harness Ephraim Double Fruitfulness Eferayim will plow he will cut/engrave he will plow Judah Yah Is Praised Yehudah will harrow he will ravage he will harrow for himself — for himself Jacob Heel-Grasper Yaaqov
וְ/אֶפְרַ֜יִם 𐤅/𐤀𐤐𐤓𐤉𐤌 veeferayim And Ephraim and Double-Fruitfulness and Eferayim HC/Np עֶגְלָ֤ה 𐤏𐤂𐤋𐤄 egelah a heifer young heifer young heifer HNcfsa מְלֻמָּדָה֙ 𐤌𐤋𐤌𐤃𐤄 melumadah lemba (Kikongo) trained trained one trained one HVPsfsa אֹהַ֣בְתִּי 𐤀𐤄𐤁𐤕𐤉 ohaveti hɔ̃ (Ewe (Gbe)) she loves loving one of loving to HVqrfsc לָ/ד֔וּשׁ 𐤋/𐤃𐤅𐤔 ladush to thresh to thresh to thresh HR/Vqc וַ/אֲנִ֣י 𐤅/𐤀𐤍𐤉 vaani Ine (Bemba) and-I and I and I HC/Pp1cs עָבַ֔רְתִּי 𐤏𐤁𐤓𐤕𐤉 avareti passed over I crossed over I crossed over HVqp1cs עַל 𐤏𐤋 al upon upon upon HR ט֖וּב 𐤈𐤅𐤁 tuv fair goodness of the goodness of HNcmsc צַוָּארָ֑/הּ 𐤑𐤅𐤀𐤓/𐤄 tsavarah her neck her nape her neck HNcmsc/Sp3fs אַרְכִּ֤יב 𐤀𐤓𐤊𐤉𐤁 arekiv I will harness I will cause to ride I will harness HVhi1cs אֶפְרַ֨יִם֙ 𐤀𐤐𐤓𐤉𐤌 eferayim Ephraim Double Fruitfulness Eferayim HNp יַחֲר֣וֹשׁ 𐤉𐤇𐤓𐤅𐤔 yacharosh kuchora (Swahili) will plow he will cut/engrave he will plow HVqi3ms יְהוּדָ֔ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤃𐤄 yehudah Judah Yah Is Praised Yehudah HNp יְשַׂדֶּד 𐤉𐤔𐤃𐤃 yesaded will harrow he will ravage he will harrow HVpi3ms ל֖/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo for himself for himself HR/Sp3ms יַעֲקֹֽב 𐤉𐤏𐤒𐤁 yaaqov Jacob Heel-Grasper Yaaqov HNp
Verse 12
Sow Sow! Sow! for yourselves — for yourselves righteousness for righteousness for righteousness Reap Reap! Reap according to according to the mouth of to the mouth of mercy covenant-loyal love steadfast love Break up Plow up! Plow up for yourselves — for yourselves fallow ground freshly plowed ground freshly plowed ground for it is time and definite-object marker and the time to seek to seek diligently to seek diligently object-marker [·] the LORD Yahweh Yahweh until up to until he comes he comes he comes and teach and he will direct and he will direct righteousness righteousness righteousness on you — upon you
זִרְע֨וּ 𐤆𐤓𐤏𐤅 zireu Sow Sow! Sow! HVqv2mp לָ/כֶ֤ם 𐤋/𐤊𐤌 lakhem for yourselves for yourselves HR/Sp2mp לִ/צְדָקָה֙ 𐤋/𐤑𐤃𐤒𐤄 litsedaqah righteousness for righteousness for righteousness HR/Ncfsa קִצְר֣וּ 𐤒𐤑𐤓𐤅 qitseru Reap Reap! Reap HVqv2mp לְ/פִי 𐤋/𐤐𐤉 lefi according to according to the mouth of to the mouth of HR/Ncmsc חֶ֔סֶד 𐤇𐤎𐤃 chesed mercy covenant-loyal love steadfast love HNcmsa נִ֥ירוּ 𐤍𐤉𐤓𐤅 niru Break up Plow up! Plow up HVqv2mp לָ/כֶ֖ם 𐤋/𐤊𐤌 lakhem-2 for yourselves for yourselves HR/Sp2mp נִ֑יר 𐤍𐤉𐤓 nir fallow ground freshly plowed ground freshly plowed ground HNcmsa וְ/עֵת֙ 𐤅/𐤏𐤕 veet for it is time and definite-object marker and the time HC/Ncbsa לִ/דְר֣וֹשׁ 𐤋/𐤃𐤓𐤅𐤔 liderosh to seek to seek diligently to seek diligently HR/Vqc אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et object-marker [·] HTo יְהוָ֔ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah Nyambe (Lozi) the LORD Yahweh Yahweh HNp עַד 𐤏𐤃 ad until up to until HR יָב֕וֹא 𐤉𐤁𐤅𐤀 yavo he comes he comes he comes HVqi3ms וְ/יֹרֶ֥ה 𐤅/𐤉𐤓𐤄 veyoreh and teach and he will direct and he will direct HC/Vhi3ms צֶ֖דֶק 𐤑𐤃𐤒 tsedeq righteousness righteousness righteousness HNcmsa לָ/כֶֽם 𐤋/𐤊𐤌 lakhem-3 on you upon you HR/Sp2mp
Verse 13
you have plowed you cut/engraved you have plowed wickedness wickedness wickedness injustice her injustice her injustice you have reaped you have reaped you have reaped you have eaten you consumed you (masculine plural) ate fruit fruit-yield fruit of lies deceitful untruth of lies because for/because because you have trusted you trusted you trusted in your way in your path in your way in the multitude in abundance of in abundance of of your mighty men your mighty ones your mighty ones
חֲרַשְׁתֶּם 𐤇𐤓𐤔𐤕𐤌 charashetem kuchora (Swahili) you have plowed you cut/engraved you have plowed HVqp2mp רֶ֛שַׁע 𐤓𐤔𐤏 resha wickedness wickedness wickedness HNcmsa עַוְלָ֥תָ/ה 𐤏𐤅𐤋𐤕/𐤄 avelatah injustice her injustice her injustice HNcbsc/Sd קְצַרְתֶּ֖ם 𐤒𐤑𐤓𐤕𐤌 qetsaretem you have reaped you have reaped you have reaped HVqp2mp אֲכַלְתֶּ֣ם 𐤀𐤊𐤋𐤕𐤌 akhaletem okèlè (Yoruba) you have eaten you consumed you (masculine plural) ate HVqp2mp פְּרִי 𐤐𐤓𐤉 peri fruit fruit-yield fruit HNcmsc כָ֑חַשׁ 𐤊𐤇𐤔 khachash of lies deceitful untruth of lies HNcmsa כִּֽי 𐤊𐤉 ki because for/because because HC בָטַ֥חְתָּ 𐤁𐤈𐤇𐤕 vatacheta you have trusted you trusted you trusted HVqp2ms בְ/דַרְכְּ/ךָ֖ 𐤁/𐤃𐤓𐤊/𐤊 vedarekekha in your way in your path in your way HR/Ncbsc/Sp2ms בְּ/רֹ֥ב 𐤁/𐤓𐤁 berov in the multitude in abundance of in abundance of HR/Ncbsc גִּבּוֹרֶֽי/ךָ 𐤂𐤁𐤅𐤓𐤉/𐤊 giboreykha of your mighty men your mighty ones your mighty ones HAampc/Sp2ms
Verse 14
and shall arise and he rose up and tumult will arise tumult roaring tumult tumult among your people among your people among your people and all and whole of and all of your fortresses your fortified strongholds your fortified strongholds shall be destroyed he will be laid waste will be laid waste like destruction like devastation like devastation Shalman Shalman Shaleman house of house of Beyt Arebel Arbel House of Arbel Beyt Arebel in day of in the day of in the day of battle armed conflict battle mother mother of mother of upon upon upon children sons sons was dashed in pieces was violently shattered was dashed in pieces
וְ/קָ֣אם 𐤅/𐤒𐤀𐤌 veqam uku-ima (Bemba) and shall arise and he rose up and tumult will arise HC/Vqq3ms שָׁאוֹן֮ 𐤔𐤀𐤅𐤍 shaon tumult roaring tumult tumult HNcmsa בְּ/עַמֶּ/ךָ֒ 𐤁/𐤏𐤌/𐤊 beamekha among your people among your people among your people HR/Ncmsc/Sp2ms וְ/כָל 𐤅/𐤊𐤋 vekhal kila (Swahili) and all and whole of and all of HC/Ncmsc מִבְצָרֶ֣י/ךָ 𐤌𐤁𐤑𐤓𐤉/𐤊 mivetsareykha your fortresses your fortified strongholds your fortified strongholds HNcmpc/Sp2ms יוּשַּׁ֔ד 𐤉𐤅𐤔𐤃 yushad shall be destroyed he will be laid waste will be laid waste HVQi3ms כְּ/שֹׁ֧ד 𐤊/𐤔𐤃 keshod like destruction like devastation like devastation HR/Ncmsc שַֽׁלְמַ֛ן 𐤔𐤋𐤌𐤍 shaleman Shalman Shalman Shaleman HNp בֵּ֥ית 𐤁𐤉𐤕 beyt house of house of Beyt Arebel HNp אַֽרְבֵ֖אל 𐤀𐤓𐤁𐤀𐤋 arevel Arbel House of Arbel Beyt Arebel HNp בְּ/י֣וֹם 𐤁/𐤉𐤅𐤌 beyom in day of in the day of in the day of HR/Ncmsc מִלְחָמָ֑ה 𐤌𐤋𐤇𐤌𐤄 milechamah battle armed conflict battle HNcfsa אֵ֥ם 𐤀𐤌 em mother mother of mother of HNcfsa עַל 𐤏𐤋 al upon upon upon HR בָּנִ֖ים 𐤁𐤍𐤉𐤌 banim Bene (Bemba) children sons sons HNcmpa רֻטָּֽשָׁה 𐤓𐤈𐤔𐤄 rutashah was dashed in pieces was violently shattered was dashed in pieces HVPp3fs
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