οἶδεν
oiden
knows
a primary verb; used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent ὀπτάνομαι and ὁράω; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by implication, (in the perfect tense only) to know:--be aware, behold, X can (+ not tell), consider, (have) know(-ledge), look (on), perceive, see, be sure, tell, understand, wish, wot. Compare ὀπτάνομαι.
John 19:35 · Word #13
Lexicon G1492
| Lemma | εἴδω |
| Transliteration | eídō |
| Strong's | G1492 |
| In-context | knows |
| Literal | knows |
Morphology V PRF ACT IND 3P SG
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state of being |
| Tense | PRF — Perfect — Completed action with ongoing results |
| Voice | ACT — Active — The subject performs the action |
| Mood | IND — Indicative — States a fact or reality |
| Person | 3P — 3rd person — The one spoken about ("he/she/it/they") |
| Number | SG — Singular — One |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | οἶδα |
| Strong's | G1492 |
SIBI-P1 G1492-27
he/she/it has-seen-and-thus-knows
| Root | εἴδω (eidō) |
| Core Meanings | to see, to perceive, to know, to be aware |
| Semantic Range | to see physically; to perceive; to recognize; to understand; to know with certainty; to be aware of |
| Conceptual Significance | In biblical usage, εἴδω links sight and knowledge, reflecting the Hebraic concept that true knowledge arises from revealed or experienced reality. Divine knowledge, in particular, is portrayed as complete and immediate—what God "has seen" He fully and enduringly knows. |
| Morphological Notes | Verb; perfect tense (stative/resultative), active voice, indicative mood, third person singular. Though formally perfect, it functions with present force: "he/she/it knows." |
| Rendering Rationale | οἶδεν is the perfect active indicative, third person singular of εἴδω. The perfect tense in Greek conveys a completed action with present result; since "seeing" results in "knowing," the rendering preserves both the root idea of sight and its settled present state of knowledge in the third person singular. |
AI-generated (openai/gpt-5.2-chat-latest)
Words from Root εἴδω (to see, to perceive, to know, to be aware)
| SILEX Code | Transliteration | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
G1492-01 |
edei | he/she/it had seen (and thus knew) |
G1492-02 |
edein | I was knowing-from-seeing |
G1492-03 |
edeis | you were knowing |
Word Usage (317 occurrences of G1492)
| Location | Form | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Matthew 6:8 | οἶδεν | oiden | |
| Matthew 6:32 | οἶδεν | oiden | |
| Matthew 7:11 | οἴδατε | oidate |