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עֲצַב

𐤏𐤑𐤁

ʻătsab

H6088 adjective

SILEX Entry

Root עצב to hurt, grieve, suffer pain, be distressed

Definition

To be afflicted, to be in pain or sorrow. In its Aramaic form, denotes suffering pain, experiencing grief, or being subject to affliction, whether physical, emotional, or spiritual. Primarily applies to persons or communities enduring hardship or distress.

Semantic Range

to afflict, to be grieved, to suffer pain, to experience sorrow, to be lamentably afflicted

Root / Etymology

The root is עצב, which in Biblical Hebrew conveys the idea 'to hurt, grieve, feel pain, be distressed.' The Aramaic verb עֲצַב preserves a similar range of senses, focusing on physical or emotional suffering. The term is related to the Hebrew verb עָצַב (ʿāṣav), but in Aramaic the verb appears less frequently and remains closer to the general sense of bodily or mental discomfort.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In the handful of Aramaic passages in Daniel (e.g., Daniel 6:25), עֲצַב describes the negative outcome or threat of suffering, often in royal proclamations or narrative describing distress or adversity. The verb in Aramaic is less common than its Hebrew counterpart and is generally linked with situations of misfortune or complaint. The meaning does not significantly develop beyond these senses in later Aramaic literature of antiquity. Compared to the Hebrew use, which can include the act of causing sadness or pain (active sense) as well as the state of being hurt (passive), the Aramaic form tends to emphasize the state or experience of affliction. English translations usually render it as 'to be afflicted' or 'to suffer,' but may at times translate it with 'lamentable' (especially in expressions for tragic circumstances); neither fully captures the depth of the word's implication of enduring personal or collective hardship. Unlike related terms such as דְּאָה (to be faint, languish), עֲצַב has a more active connotation tied to distinct pain or grief.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

(Aramaic) corresponding to עָצַב; to afflict; lamentable.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

עצב (ʿ-ṣ-b) — hurt, grieve, suffer pain, be distressed

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H4620 מַעֲצֵבָה to a carved idol
H6087 עָצַב he pained him
H6089 עֶצֶב in pain
H6090 עֹצֶב my formed-idol
H6091 עָצָב carved idols of

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H6088-01 עֲצִ֖יב atsiv AAamsa pained pain-stricken 1

Occurrences in Scripture

1 total occurrence

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H6088-01 Daniel 6:21 עֲצִ֖יב atsiv AAamsa pained pain-stricken
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