Hosea 7
Hosea condemns Israel (Ephraim) for their passionate pursuit of evil and rebellion against YHWH, using vivid imagery of an overheated oven and a silly dove to depict their moral corruption and spiritual blindness.[1][2][3] Though YHWH desired to heal and redeem them, Israel's iniquity was exposed; they sought help from foreign nations (Egypt and Assyria) rather than returning to YHWH, and consequently YHWH will judge them by spreading a net upon them as they attempt to flee.[1][2][3]
Interlinear Text
when I would heal Israel and is revealed iniquity of Ephraim and evils of Samaria for they commit falsehood and thief comes in stretches out a band outside
1
כְּ/רָפְאִ֣/י
𐤊/𐤓𐤐𐤀/𐤉
kerafei
when I would heal
HR/Vqc/Sp1cs
לְ/יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל
𐤋/𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋
leyiserael
Israel
HR/Np
וְ/נִגְלָ֞ה
𐤅/𐤍𐤂𐤋𐤄
venigelah
and is revealed
HC/VNp3ms
עֲוֺ֤ן
𐤏𐤅𐤍
aon
iniquity
HNcbsc
אֶפְרַ֨יִם֙
𐤀𐤐𐤓𐤉𐤌
eferayim
of Ephraim
HNp
וְ/רָע֣וֹת
𐤅/𐤓𐤏𐤅𐤕
veraot
and evils
HC/Ncfpc
שֹֽׁמְר֔וֹן
𐤔𐤌𐤓𐤅𐤍
shomeron
of Samaria
HNp
כִּ֥י
𐤊𐤉
ki
for
HC
פָעֲל֖וּ
𐤐𐤏𐤋𐤅
faalu
they commit
HVqp3cp
שָׁ֑קֶר
𐤔𐤒𐤓
shaqer
falsehood
HNcmsa
וְ/גַנָּ֣ב
𐤅/𐤂𐤍𐤁
veganav
and thief
HC/Ncmsa
יָב֔וֹא
𐤉𐤁𐤅𐤀
yavo
comes in
HVqi3ms
פָּשַׁ֥ט
𐤐𐤔𐤈
pashat
stretches out
HVqp3ms
גְּד֖וּד
𐤂𐤃𐤅𐤃
gedud
a band
HNcmsa
בַּ/חֽוּץ
𐤁/𐤇𐤅𐤑
bachuts
outside
HRd/Ncmsa
but not they say to their heart all their evil I remember now have surrounded them their doings before my face they are
2
וּ/בַל
𐤅/𐤁𐤋
uval
but not
HC/Tn
יֹֽאמְרוּ֙
𐤉𐤀𐤌𐤓𐤅
yomeru
they say
HVqi3mp
לִ/לְבָבָ֔/ם
𐤋/𐤋𐤁𐤁/𐤌
lilevavam
to their heart
HR/Ncmsc/Sp3mp
כָּל
𐤊𐤋
kal
all
HNcmsc
רָעָתָ֖/ם
𐤓𐤏𐤕/𐤌
raatam
their evil
HNcfsc/Sp3mp
זָכָ֑רְתִּי
𐤆𐤊𐤓𐤕𐤉
zakhareti
I remember
HVqp1cs
עַתָּה֙
𐤏𐤕𐤄
atah
now
HD
סְבָב֣וּ/ם
𐤎𐤁𐤁𐤅/𐤌
sevavum
have surrounded them
HVqp3cp/Sp3mp
מַֽעַלְלֵי/הֶ֔ם
𐤌𐤏𐤋𐤋𐤉/𐤄𐤌
maaleleyhem
their doings
HNcmpc/Sp3mp
נֶ֥גֶד
𐤍𐤂𐤃
neged
before
HR
פָּנַ֖/י
𐤐𐤍/𐤉
panay
my face
HNcbpc/Sp1cs
הָיֽוּ
𐤄𐤉𐤅
hayu
they are
HVqp3cp
with their wickedness they make glad the king and with their lies princes
all of them are adulterers like an oven heated by the baker who ceases from stirring from the kneading of the dough until it is leavened
4
כֻּלָּ/ם֙
𐤊𐤋/𐤌
kulam
all of them
HNcmsc/Sp3mp
מְנָ֣אֲפִ֔ים
𐤌𐤍𐤀𐤐𐤉𐤌
menaafim
are adulterers
HVprmpa
כְּמ֣וֹ
𐤊𐤌𐤅
kemo
like
HR
תַנּ֔וּר
𐤕𐤍𐤅𐤓
tanur
an oven
HNcmsa
בֹּעֵ֖רָה
𐤁𐤏𐤓𐤄
boerah
heated
HVqrfsa
מֵֽ/אֹפֶ֑ה
𐤌/𐤀𐤐𐤄
meofeh
by the baker
HR/Vqrmsa
יִשְׁבּ֣וֹת
𐤉𐤔𐤁𐤅𐤕
yishebot
who ceases
HVqi3ms
מֵעִ֔יר
𐤌𐤏𐤉𐤓
meir
from stirring
HVhrmsa
מִ/לּ֥וּשׁ
𐤌/𐤋𐤅𐤔
milush
from the kneading
HR/Vqc
בָּצֵ֖ק
𐤁𐤑𐤒
batseq
of the dough
HNcmsa
עַד
𐤏𐤃
ad
until
HR
חֻמְצָתֽ/וֹ
𐤇𐤌𐤑𐤕/𐤅
chumetsato
it is leavened
HVqc/Sp3ms
day of-our-king made-sick princes heat of-wine stretched-out his-hand [direct-object-marker] mockers
5
י֣וֹם
𐤉𐤅𐤌
yom
day
HNcmsc
מַלְכֵּ֔/נוּ
𐤌𐤋𐤊/𐤍𐤅
malekenu
of-our-king
HNcmsc/Sp1cp
הֶחֱל֥וּ
𐤄𐤇𐤋𐤅
hechelu
made-sick
HVhp3cp
שָׂרִ֖ים
𐤔𐤓𐤉𐤌
sarim
princes
HNcmpa
חֲמַ֣ת
𐤇𐤌𐤕
chamat
heat
HNcfsc
מִ/יָּ֑יִן
𐤌/𐤉𐤉𐤍
miyayin
of-wine
HR/Ncmsa
מָשַׁ֥ךְ
𐤌𐤔𐤊
mashakhe
stretched-out
HVqp3ms
יָד֖/וֹ
𐤉𐤃/𐤅
yado
his-hand
HNcbsc/Sp3ms
אֶת
𐤀𐤕
et
[direct-object-marker]
HR
לֹצְצִֽים
𐤋𐤑𐤑𐤉𐤌
lotsetsim
mockers
HVormpa
for they have approached like an oven their heart in their ambush all the night sleeps their baker morning it burns like fire a flame
6
כִּֽי
𐤊𐤉
ki
for
HC
קֵרְב֧וּ
𐤒𐤓𐤁𐤅
qerevu
they have approached
HVpp3cp
כַ/תַּנּ֛וּר
𐤊/𐤕𐤍𐤅𐤓
khatanur
like an oven
HRd/Ncmsa
לִבָּ֖/ם
𐤋𐤁/𐤌
libam
their heart
HNcmsc/Sp3mp
בְּ/אָרְבָּ֑/ם
𐤁/𐤀𐤓𐤁/𐤌
bearebam
in their ambush
HR/Ncmsc/Sp3mp
כָּל
𐤊𐤋
kal
all
HNcmsc
הַ/לַּ֨יְלָה֙
𐤄/𐤋𐤉𐤋𐤄
halayelah
the night
HTd/Ncmsa
יָשֵׁ֣ן
𐤉𐤔𐤍
yashen
sleeps
HAamsa
אֹֽפֵ/הֶ֔ם
𐤀𐤐/𐤄𐤌
ofehem
their baker
HVqrmsc/Sp3mp
בֹּ֕קֶר
𐤁𐤒𐤓
boqer
morning
HNcmsa
ה֥וּא
𐤄𐤅𐤀
hu
it
HPp3ms
בֹעֵ֖ר
𐤁𐤏𐤓
voer
burns
HVqrmsa
כְּ/אֵ֥שׁ
𐤊/𐤀𐤔
keesh
like fire
HR/Ncbsc
לֶהָבָֽה
𐤋𐤄𐤁𐤄
lehavah
a flame
HNcfsa
all of them are hot as an oven and devour [direct object marker] their judges all their kings have fallen there is none who calls among them to me
7
כֻּלָּ֤/ם
𐤊𐤋/𐤌
kulam
all of them
HNcmsc/Sp3mp
יֵחַ֨מּוּ֙
𐤉𐤇𐤌𐤅
yechamu
are hot
HVqi3mp
כַּ/תַּנּ֔וּר
𐤊/𐤕𐤍𐤅𐤓
katanur
as an oven
HRd/Ncmsa
וְ/אָכְל֖וּ
𐤅/𐤀𐤊𐤋𐤅
veakhelu
and devour
HC/Vqp3cp
אֶת
𐤀𐤕
et
[direct object marker]
HTo
שֹֽׁפְטֵי/הֶ֑ם
𐤔𐤐𐤈𐤉/𐤄𐤌
shofeteyhem
their judges
HVqrmpc/Sp3mp
כָּל
𐤊𐤋
kal
all
HNcmsc
מַלְכֵי/הֶ֣ם
𐤌𐤋𐤊𐤉/𐤄𐤌
malekheyhem
their kings
HNcmpc/Sp3mp
נָפָ֔לוּ
𐤍𐤐𐤋𐤅
nafalu
have fallen
HVqp3cp
אֵין
𐤀𐤉𐤍
eyn
there is none
HTn
קֹרֵ֥א
𐤒𐤓𐤀
qore
who calls
HVqrmsa
בָ/הֶ֖ם
𐤁/𐤄𐤌
vahem
among them
HR/Sp3mp
אֵלָֽ/י
𐤀𐤋/𐤉
elay
to me
HR/Sp1cs
Ephraim with-the-nations he mixes-himself Ephraim has-become a-cake not turned
8
אֶפְרַ֕יִם
𐤀𐤐𐤓𐤉𐤌
eferayim
Ephraim
HNp
בָּ/עַמִּ֖ים
𐤁/𐤏𐤌𐤉𐤌
baamim
with-the-nations
HRd/Ncmpa
ה֣וּא
𐤄𐤅𐤀
hu
he
HPp3ms
יִתְבּוֹלָ֑ל
𐤉𐤕𐤁𐤅𐤋𐤋
yitebolal
mixes-himself
HVri3ms
אֶפְרַ֛יִם
𐤀𐤐𐤓𐤉𐤌
eferayim-2
Ephraim
HNp
הָיָ֥ה
𐤄𐤉𐤄
hayah
has-become
HVqp3ms
עֻגָ֖ה
𐤏𐤂𐤄
ugah
a-cake
HNcfsa
בְּלִ֥י
𐤁𐤋𐤉
beli
not
HTn
הֲפוּכָֽה
𐤄𐤐𐤅𐤊𐤄
hafukhah
turned
HVqsfsa
have devoured strangers his strength but he not knows even gray hairs are sprinkled on him but he not knows
9
אָכְל֤וּ
𐤀𐤊𐤋𐤅
akhelu
have devoured
HVqp3cp
זָרִים֙
𐤆𐤓𐤉𐤌
zarim
strangers
HAampa
כֹּח֔/וֹ
𐤊𐤇/𐤅
kocho
his strength
HNcmsc/Sp3ms
וְ/ה֖וּא
𐤅/𐤄𐤅𐤀
vehu
but he
HC/Pp3ms
לֹ֣א
𐤋𐤀
lo
not
HTn
יָדָ֑ע
𐤉𐤃𐤏
yada
knows
HVqp3ms
גַּם
𐤂𐤌
gam
even
HTa
שֵׂיבָה֙
𐤔𐤉𐤁𐤄
seyvah
gray hairs
HNcfsa
זָ֣רְקָה
𐤆𐤓𐤒𐤄
zareqah
are sprinkled
HVqp3fs
בּ֔/וֹ
𐤁/𐤅
bo
on him
HR/Sp3ms
וְ/ה֖וּא
𐤅/𐤄𐤅𐤀
vehu-2
but he
HC/Pp3ms
לֹ֥א
𐤋𐤀
lo-2
not
HTn
יָדָֽע
𐤉𐤃𐤏
yada-2
knows
HVqp3ms
testifies against the pride of Israel to his face yet they returned to YHWH their God nor sought him in all this
10
וְ/עָנָ֥ה
𐤅/𐤏𐤍𐤄
veanah
testifies against
HC/Vqp3ms
גְאֽוֹן
𐤂𐤀𐤅𐤍
geon
the pride
HNcmsc
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋
yiserael
of Israel
HNp
בְּ/פָנָ֑י/ו
𐤁/𐤐𐤍𐤉/𐤅
befanayv
to his face
HR/Ncbpc/Sp3ms
וְ/לֹֽא
𐤅/𐤋𐤀
velo
yet
HC/Tn
שָׁ֨בוּ֙
𐤔𐤁𐤅
shavu
they returned
HVqp3cp
אֶל
𐤀𐤋
el
to
HR
יְהוָ֣ה
𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄
yehvah
Nyambe (Lozi)
YHWH
HNp
אֱלֹֽהֵי/הֶ֔ם
𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉/𐤄𐤌
eloheyhem
Mulimu (Lozi)
their God
HNcmpc/Sp3mp
וְ/לֹ֥א
𐤅/𐤋𐤀
velo-2
nor
HC/Tn
בִקְשֻׁ֖/הוּ
𐤁𐤒𐤔/𐤄𐤅
viqeshuhu
sought him
HVpp3cp/Sp3ms
בְּ/כָל
𐤁/𐤊𐤋
bekhal
in all
HR/Ncmsc
זֹֽאת
𐤆𐤀𐤕
zot
this
HPdxfs
And Ephraim was Ephraim like a dove silly without sense Egypt they call to Assyria they go to
11
וַ/יְהִ֣י
𐤅/𐤉𐤄𐤉
vayehi
And Ephraim was
HC/Vqw3ms
אֶפְרַ֔יִם
𐤀𐤐𐤓𐤉𐤌
eferayim
Ephraim
HNp
כְּ/יוֹנָ֥ה
𐤊/𐤉𐤅𐤍𐤄
keyonah
like a dove
HR/Ncfsa
פוֹתָ֖ה
𐤐𐤅𐤕𐤄
fotah
silly
HVqrfsa
אֵ֣ין
𐤀𐤉𐤍
eyn
without
HTn
לֵ֑ב
𐤋𐤁
lev
sense
HNcmsa
מִצְרַ֥יִם
𐤌𐤑𐤓𐤉𐤌
mitserayim
Egypt
HNp
קָרָ֖אוּ
𐤒𐤓𐤀𐤅
qarau
they call to
HVqp3cp
אַשּׁ֥וּר
𐤀𐤔𐤅𐤓
ashur
Assyria
HNp
הָלָֽכוּ
𐤄𐤋𐤊𐤅
halakhu
they go to
HVqp3cp
as they go they go I will spread upon them my net like a bird of the heavens I will bring down them I will chastise them like a hearing to their congregation
12
כַּ/אֲשֶׁ֣ר
𐤊/𐤀𐤔𐤓
kaasher
as they go
HR/Tr
יֵלֵ֗כוּ
𐤉𐤋𐤊𐤅
yelekhu
they go
HVqi3mp
אֶפְר֤וֹשׂ
𐤀𐤐𐤓𐤅𐤔
eferos
I will spread
HVqi1cs
עֲלֵי/הֶם֙
𐤏𐤋𐤉/𐤄𐤌
aleyhem
upon them
HR/Sp3mp
רִשְׁתִּ֔/י
𐤓𐤔𐤕/𐤉
risheti
my net
HNcfsc/Sp1cs
כְּ/ע֥וֹף
𐤊/𐤏𐤅𐤐
keof
like a bird
HR/Ncmsc
הַ/שָּׁמַ֖יִם
𐤄/𐤔𐤌𐤉𐤌
hashamayim
of the heavens
HTd/Ncmpa
אֽוֹרִידֵ֑/ם
𐤀𐤅𐤓𐤉𐤃/𐤌
oridem
I will bring down them
HVhi1cs/Sp3mp
אַיְסִרֵ֕/ם
𐤀𐤉𐤎𐤓/𐤌
ayesirem
I will chastise them
HVhi1cs/Sp3mp
כְּ/שֵׁ֖מַע
𐤊/𐤔𐤌𐤏
keshema
like a hearing
HR/Ncmsa
לַ/עֲדָתָֽ/ם
𐤋/𐤏𐤃𐤕/𐤌
laadatam
to their congregation
HR/Ncfsc/Sp3mp
Woe to them for they have strayed from Me Destruction to them for they have rebelled against Me But I would redeem them but they have spoken against Me lies
13
א֤וֹי
𐤀𐤅𐤉
oy
Woe
HTj
לָ/הֶם֙
𐤋/𐤄𐤌
lahem
to them
HR/Sp3mp
כִּֽי
𐤊𐤉
ki
for
HC
נָדְד֣וּ
𐤍𐤃𐤃𐤅
nadedu
they have strayed
HVqp3cp
מִמֶּ֔/נִּי
𐤌𐤌/𐤍𐤉
mimeni
from Me
HR/Sp1cs
שֹׁ֥ד
𐤔𐤃
shod
Destruction
HNcmsa
לָ/הֶ֖ם
𐤋/𐤄𐤌
lahem-2
to them
HR/Sp3mp
כִּֽי
𐤊𐤉
ki-2
for
HC
פָ֣שְׁעוּ
𐤐𐤔𐤏𐤅
fasheu
they have rebelled
HVqp3cp
בִ֑/י
𐤁/𐤉
vi
against Me
HR/Sp1cs
וְ/אָנֹכִ֣י
𐤅/𐤀𐤍𐤊𐤉
veanokhi
But I
HC/Pp1cs
אֶפְדֵּ֔/ם
𐤀𐤐𐤃/𐤌
efedem
would redeem them
HVqi1cs/Sp3mp
וְ/הֵ֕מָּה
𐤅/𐤄𐤌𐤄
vehemah
but they
HC/Pp3mp
דִּבְּר֥וּ
𐤃𐤁𐤓𐤅
diberu
have spoken
HVpp3cp
עָלַ֖/י
𐤏𐤋/𐤉
alay
against Me
HR/Sp1cs
כְּזָבִֽים
𐤊𐤆𐤁𐤉𐤌
kezavim
lies
HNcmpa
and-not they cried out to me from their heart but they wail upon their beds for grain and new wine they assemble themselves they rebel from me
14
וְ/לֹֽא
𐤅/𐤋𐤀
velo
and-not
HC/Tn
זָעֲק֤וּ
𐤆𐤏𐤒𐤅
zaaqu
they cried out
HVqp3cp
אֵלַ/י֙
𐤀𐤋/𐤉
elay
to me
HR/Sp1cs
בְּ/לִבָּ֔/ם
𐤁/𐤋𐤁/𐤌
belibam
from their heart
HR/Ncmsc/Sp3mp
כִּ֥י
𐤊𐤉
ki
but
HC
יְיֵלִ֖ילוּ
𐤉𐤉𐤋𐤉𐤋𐤅
yeyelilu
they wail
HVhi3mp
עַל
𐤏𐤋
al
upon
HR
מִשְׁכְּבוֹתָ֑/ם
𐤌𐤔𐤊𐤁𐤅𐤕/𐤌
mishekevotam
their beds
HNcmpc/Sp3mp
עַל
𐤏𐤋
al-2
for
HR
דָּגָ֧ן
𐤃𐤂𐤍
dagan
grain
HNcmsa
וְ/תִיר֛וֹשׁ
𐤅/𐤕𐤉𐤓𐤅𐤔
vetirosh
and new wine
HC/Ncmsa
יִתְגּוֹרָ֖רוּ
𐤉𐤕𐤂𐤅𐤓𐤓𐤅
yitegoraru
they assemble themselves
HVri3mp
יָס֥וּרוּ
𐤉𐤎𐤅𐤓𐤅
yasuru
they rebel
HVqi3mp
בִֽ/י
𐤁/𐤉
vi
from me
HR/Sp1cs
and I trained strengthened their arms against me devise evil
15
וַ/אֲנִ֣י
𐤅/𐤀𐤍𐤉
vaani
and I
HC/Pp1cs
יִסַּ֔רְתִּי
𐤉𐤎𐤓𐤕𐤉
yisareti
trained
HVpp1cs
חִזַּ֖קְתִּי
𐤇𐤆𐤒𐤕𐤉
chizaqeti
strengthened
HVpp1cs
זְרֽוֹעֹתָ֑/ם
𐤆𐤓𐤅𐤏𐤕/𐤌
zerootam
their arms
HNcbpc/Sp3mp
וְ/אֵלַ֖/י
𐤅/𐤀𐤋/𐤉
veelay
against me
HC/R/Sp1cs
יְחַשְּׁבוּ
𐤉𐤇𐤔𐤁𐤅
yechashevu
devise
HVpi3mp
רָֽע
𐤓𐤏
ra
evil
HAamsa
They return not upward they are like a bow deceitful will fall by the sword their princes because of the insolence of their tongue This their derision in the land of Egypt
16
יָשׁ֣וּבוּ
𐤉𐤔𐤅𐤁𐤅
yashuvu
They return
HVqi3mp
לֹ֣א
𐤋𐤀
lo
not
HTn
עָ֗ל
𐤏𐤋
al
upward
HNcmsa
הָיוּ֙
𐤄𐤉𐤅
hayu
they are
HVqp3cp
כְּ/קֶ֣שֶׁת
𐤊/𐤒𐤔𐤕
keqeshet
like a bow
HR/Ncfsc
רְמִיָּ֔ה
𐤓𐤌𐤉𐤄
remiyah
deceitful
HNcfsa
יִפְּל֥וּ
𐤉𐤐𐤋𐤅
yipelu
will fall
HVqi3mp
בַ/חֶ֛רֶב
𐤁/𐤇𐤓𐤁
vacherev
by the sword
HRd/Ncfsa
שָׂרֵי/הֶ֖ם
𐤔𐤓𐤉/𐤄𐤌
sareyhem
their princes
HNcmpc/Sp3mp
מִ/זַּ֣עַם
𐤌/𐤆𐤏𐤌
mizaam
because of the insolence
HR/Ncmsc
לְשׁוֹנָ֑/ם
𐤋𐤔𐤅𐤍/𐤌
leshonam
of their tongue
HNcbsc/Sp3mp
ז֥וֹ
𐤆𐤅
zo
This
HPdxfs
לַעְגָּ֖/ם
𐤋𐤏𐤂/𐤌
laegam
their derision
HNcmsc/Sp3mp
בְּ/אֶ֥רֶץ
𐤁/𐤀𐤓𐤑
beerets
in the land
HR/Ncbsc
מִצְרָֽיִם
𐤌𐤑𐤓𐤉𐤌
mitserayim
of Egypt
HNp