Hosea 8

Hosea sounds the trumpet warning of an eagle (Assyria) descending on YHWH's house due to Israel's transgression of the covenant, rebellion against Torah, false claim to know God, appointment of unauthorized kings and princes, and crafting of idols like Samaria's calf, which YHWH rejects and will shatter.[1][2][3] Israel sows the wind and reaps the whirlwind, yielding barren harvests swallowed by foreigners, assimilating as a worthless vessel among nations, hiring lovers, forgetting YHWH's Torah despite its abundance, offering unacceptable sacrifices, and building palaces while YHWH sends fire in judgment.[1][2][3][4]

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Interlinear Text

To your palate trumpet like an eagle over house YHWH because they have transgressed my covenant and against my law they rebelled

1 אֶל 𐤀𐤋 el To HR חִכְּ/ךָ֣ 𐤇𐤊/𐤊 chikekha your palate HNcmsc/Sp2ms שֹׁפָ֔ר 𐤔𐤐𐤓 shofar trumpet HNcmsa כַּ/נֶּ֖שֶׁר 𐤊/𐤍𐤔𐤓 kanesher like an eagle HRd/Ncmsa עַל 𐤏𐤋 al over HR בֵּ֣ית 𐤁𐤉𐤕 beyt house HNcmsc יְהוָ֑ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah Nyambe (Lozi) YHWH HNp יַ֚עַן 𐤉𐤏𐤍 yaan because HC עָבְר֣וּ 𐤏𐤁𐤓𐤅 averu they have transgressed HVqp3cp בְרִיתִ֔/י 𐤁𐤓𐤉𐤕/𐤉 veriti my covenant HNcfsc/Sp1cs וְ/עַל 𐤅/𐤏𐤋 veal and against HC/R תּוֹרָתִ֖/י 𐤕𐤅𐤓𐤕/𐤉 torati my law HNcfsc/Sp1cs פָּשָֽׁעוּ 𐤐𐤔𐤏𐤅 pashau they rebelled HVqp3cp

to me they will cry out my God we have known you Israel

2 לִ֖/י 𐤋/𐤉 li to me HR/Sp1cs יִזְעָ֑קוּ 𐤉𐤆𐤏𐤒𐤅 yizeaqu they will cry out HVqi3mp אֱלֹהַ֥/י 𐤀𐤋𐤄/𐤉 elohay Mulimu (Lozi) my God HNcmpc/Sp1cs יְֽדַעֲנ֖וּ/ךָ 𐤉𐤃𐤏𐤍𐤅/𐤊 yedaanukha we have known you HVqp1cp/Sp2ms יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 yiserael Israel HNp

has rejected Israel the good an enemy will pursue him

3 זָנַ֥ח 𐤆𐤍𐤇 zanach has rejected HVqp3ms יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 yiserael Israel HNp ט֑וֹב 𐤈𐤅𐤁 tov the good HAamsa אוֹיֵ֖ב 𐤀𐤅𐤉𐤁 oyev an enemy HVqrmsa יִרְדְּֽפ/וֹ 𐤉𐤓𐤃𐤐/𐤅 yiredefo will pursue him HVqi3ms/Sp3ms

They have made kings but not from Me set up princes but not I knew their silver and their gold they made for themselves idols that they may be cut off

4 הֵ֤ם 𐤄𐤌 hem They HPp3mp הִמְלִיכוּ֙ 𐤄𐤌𐤋𐤉𐤊𐤅 himelikhu have made kings HVhp3cp וְ/לֹ֣א 𐤅/𐤋𐤀 velo but not HC/Tn מִמֶּ֔/נִּי 𐤌𐤌/𐤍𐤉 mimeni from Me HR/Sp1cs הֵשִׂ֖ירוּ 𐤄𐤔𐤉𐤓𐤅 hesiru set up princes HVhp3cp וְ/לֹ֣א 𐤅/𐤋𐤀 velo-2 but not HC/Tn יָדָ֑עְתִּי 𐤉𐤃𐤏𐤕𐤉 yadaeti I knew HVqp1cs כַּסְפָּ֣/ם 𐤊𐤎𐤐/𐤌 kasepam their silver HNcmsc/Sp3mp וּ/זְהָבָ֗/ם 𐤅/𐤆𐤄𐤁/𐤌 uzehavam and their gold HC/Ncmsc/Sp3mp עָשׂ֤וּ 𐤏𐤔𐤅 asu they made HVqp3cp לָ/הֶם֙ 𐤋/𐤄𐤌 lahem for themselves HR/Sp3mp עֲצַבִּ֔ים 𐤏𐤑𐤁𐤉𐤌 atsabim idols HNcmpa לְמַ֖עַן 𐤋𐤌𐤏𐤍 lemaan that HR יִכָּרֵֽת 𐤉𐤊𐤓𐤕 yikaret they may be cut off HVNi3ms

has rejected your calf O Samaria burns my anger against them how long will they be incapable of innocence

5 זָנַח֙ 𐤆𐤍𐤇 zanach has rejected HVqp3ms עֶגְלֵ֣/ךְ 𐤏𐤂𐤋/𐤊 egelekhe your calf HNcmsc/Sp2fs שֹֽׁמְר֔וֹן 𐤔𐤌𐤓𐤅𐤍 shomeron O Samaria HNp חָרָ֥ה 𐤇𐤓𐤄 charah burns HVqp3ms אַפִּ֖/י 𐤀𐤐/𐤉 api my anger HNcmsc/Sp1cs בָּ֑/ם 𐤁/𐤌 bam against them HR/Sp3mp עַד 𐤏𐤃 ad how HR מָתַ֕י 𐤌𐤕𐤉 matay long HTi לֹ֥א 𐤋𐤀 lo will they be HTn יוּכְל֖וּ 𐤉𐤅𐤊𐤋𐤅 yukhelu incapable HVqi3mp נִקָּיֹֽן 𐤍𐤒𐤉𐤍 niqayon of innocence HNcmsa

for from Israel and it craftsman made it and not God it for shattered things it shall be calf of Samaria

6 כִּ֤י 𐤊𐤉 ki for HC מִ/יִּשְׂרָאֵל֙ 𐤌/𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 miyiserael from Israel HR/Np וְ/ה֔וּא 𐤅/𐤄𐤅𐤀 vehu and it HC/Pp3ms חָרָ֣שׁ 𐤇𐤓𐤔 charash craftsman HNcmsa עָשָׂ֔/הוּ 𐤏𐤔/𐤄𐤅 asahu made it HVqp3ms/Sp3ms וְ/לֹ֥א 𐤅/𐤋𐤀 velo and not HC/Tn אֱלֹהִ֖ים 𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉𐤌 elohim Mulimu (Lozi) God HNcmpa ה֑וּא 𐤄𐤅𐤀 hu it HPp3ms כִּֽי 𐤊𐤉 ki-2 for HC שְׁבָבִ֣ים 𐤔𐤁𐤁𐤉𐤌 shevavim shattered things HNcmpa יִֽהְיֶ֔ה 𐤉𐤄𐤉𐤄 yiheyeh it shall be HVqi3ms עֵ֖גֶל 𐤏𐤂𐤋 egel calf HNcmsc שֹׁמְרֽוֹן 𐤔𐤌𐤓𐤅𐤍 shomeron of Samaria HNp

For wind they sow whirlwind-its they reap standing grain there is not to it sprout without it makes flour if it yields strangers they swallow it up

7 כִּ֛י 𐤊𐤉 ki For HC ר֥וּחַ 𐤓𐤅𐤇 rucha Roho (Swahili) wind HNcbsa יִזְרָ֖עוּ 𐤉𐤆𐤓𐤏𐤅 yizerau they sow HVqi3mp וְ/סוּפָ֣תָ/ה 𐤅/𐤎𐤅𐤐𐤕/𐤄 vesufatah whirlwind-its HC/Ncfsa/Sh יִקְצֹ֑רוּ 𐤉𐤒𐤑𐤓𐤅 yiqetsoru they reap HVqi3mp קָמָ֣ה 𐤒𐤌𐤄 qamah standing grain HNcfsa אֵֽין 𐤀𐤉𐤍 eyn there is not HTn ל֗/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo to it HR/Sp3ms צֶ֚מַח 𐤑𐤌𐤇 tsemach sprout HNcmsa בְּלִ֣י 𐤁𐤋𐤉 beli without HTn יַֽעֲשֶׂה 𐤉𐤏𐤔𐤄 yaaseh it makes HVqi3ms קֶּ֔מַח 𐤒𐤌𐤇 qemach flour HNcmsa אוּלַ֣י 𐤀𐤅𐤋𐤉 ulay if HD יַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה 𐤉𐤏𐤔𐤄 yaaseh-2 it yields HVqi3ms זָרִ֖ים 𐤆𐤓𐤉𐤌 zarim strangers HAampa יִבְלָעֻֽ/הוּ 𐤉𐤁𐤋𐤏/𐤄𐤅 yivelauhu they swallow it up HVqi3mp/Sp3ms

is swallowed up Israel now they are among the nations like a vessel there is no pleasure in it

8 נִבְלַ֖ע 𐤍𐤁𐤋𐤏 nivela is swallowed up HVNp3ms יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 yiserael Israel HNp עַתָּה֙ 𐤏𐤕𐤄 atah now HD הָי֣וּ 𐤄𐤉𐤅 hayu they are HVqp3cp בַ/גּוֹיִ֔ם 𐤁/𐤂𐤅𐤉𐤌 vagoyim among the nations HRd/Ncmpa כִּ/כְלִ֖י 𐤊/𐤊𐤋𐤉 kikheli like a vessel HR/Ncmsa אֵֽין 𐤀𐤉𐤍 eyn there is no HTn חֵ֥פֶץ 𐤇𐤐𐤑 chefets pleasure HNcmsa בּֽ/וֹ 𐤁/𐤅 bo in it HR/Sp3ms

For they have gone up to Assyria wild donkey wandering alone by itself Ephraim has hired lovers

9 כִּֽי 𐤊𐤉 ki For HC הֵ֨מָּה֙ 𐤄𐤌𐤄 hemah they HPp3mp עָל֣וּ 𐤏𐤋𐤅 alu have gone up HVqp3cp אַשּׁ֔וּר 𐤀𐤔𐤅𐤓 ashur to Assyria HNp פֶּ֖רֶא 𐤐𐤓𐤀 pere wild donkey HNcmsa בּוֹדֵ֣ד 𐤁𐤅𐤃𐤃 boded wandering alone HVqrmsa ל֑/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo by itself HR/Sp3ms אֶפְרַ֖יִם 𐤀𐤐𐤓𐤉𐤌 eferayim Ephraim HNp הִתְנ֥וּ 𐤄𐤕𐤍𐤅 hitenu has hired HVhp3cp אֲהָבִֽים 𐤀𐤄𐤁𐤉𐤌 ahavim lovers HNcmpa

Yes, though for they hire allies among the nations now I will gather them and they begin to diminish because of the burden of the king of princes

10 גַּ֛ם 𐤂𐤌 gam Yes, though HTa כִּֽי 𐤊𐤉 ki for HC יִתְנ֥וּ 𐤉𐤕𐤍𐤅 yitenu they hire allies HVqi3mp בַ/גּוֹיִ֖ם 𐤁/𐤂𐤅𐤉𐤌 vagoyim among the nations HRd/Ncmpa עַתָּ֣ה 𐤏𐤕𐤄 atah now HD אֲקַבְּצֵ֑/ם 𐤀𐤒𐤁𐤑/𐤌 aqabetsem I will gather them HVpi1cs/Sp3mp וַ/יָּחֵ֣לּוּ 𐤅/𐤉𐤇𐤋𐤅 vayachelu and they begin HC/Vhw3mp מְּעָ֔ט 𐤌𐤏𐤈 meat to diminish HAamsa מִ/מַּשָּׂ֖א 𐤌/𐤌𐤔𐤀 mimasa because of the burden HR/Ncmsc מֶ֥לֶךְ 𐤌𐤋𐤊 melekhe of the king HNcmsa שָׂרִֽים 𐤔𐤓𐤉𐤌 sarim of princes HNcmpa

Because has multiplied Ephraim altars for sin they have become to him altars for sinning

11 כִּֽי 𐤊𐤉 ki Because HC הִרְבָּ֥ה 𐤄𐤓𐤁𐤄 hirebah has multiplied HVhp3ms אֶפְרַ֛יִם 𐤀𐤐𐤓𐤉𐤌 eferayim Ephraim HNp מִזְבְּחֹ֖ת 𐤌𐤆𐤁𐤇𐤕 mizebechot altars HNcmpa לַ/חֲטֹ֑א 𐤋/𐤇𐤈𐤀 lachato for sin HR/Vqc הָיוּ 𐤄𐤉𐤅 hayu they have become HVqp3cp ל֥/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo to him HR/Sp3ms מִזְבְּח֖וֹת 𐤌𐤆𐤁𐤇𐤅𐤕 mizebechot-2 altars HNcmpa לַ/חֲטֹֽא 𐤋/𐤇𐤈𐤀 lachato-2 for sinning HR/Vqc

I write I write for him its abundance multitudes my law like a strange thing they were regarded

12 אכתוב 𐤀𐤊𐤕𐤅𐤁 khtvv I write HVqi1cs אֶ֨כְתָּב 𐤀𐤊𐤕𐤁 ekhetav I write HVqi1cs ל֔/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo for him HR/Sp3ms רבו 𐤓𐤁𐤅 rvv its abundance HNcbsc רֻבֵּ֖י 𐤓𐤁𐤉 rubey multitudes HNcbsc תּֽוֹרָתִ֑/י 𐤕𐤅𐤓𐤕/𐤉 torati my law HNcfsc/Sp1cs כְּמוֹ 𐤊𐤌𐤅 kemo like HR זָ֖ר 𐤆𐤓 zar a strange thing HAamsa נֶחְשָֽׁבוּ 𐤍𐤇𐤔𐤁𐤅 necheshavu they were regarded HVNp3cp

sacrifices of my offerings they sacrifice flesh and they eat YHWH not he accepts them now he will remember their iniquity and he will punish their sins they Egypt will return

13 זִבְחֵ֣י 𐤆𐤁𐤇𐤉 zivechey sacrifices of HNcmpc הַבְהָבַ֗/י 𐤄𐤁𐤄𐤁/𐤉 havehavay my offerings HNcmpc/Sp1cs יִזְבְּח֤וּ 𐤉𐤆𐤁𐤇𐤅 yizebechu they sacrifice HVqi3mp בָשָׂר֙ 𐤁𐤔𐤓 vasar flesh HNcmsa וַ/יֹּאכֵ֔לוּ 𐤅/𐤉𐤀𐤊𐤋𐤅 vayokhelu and they eat HC/Vqw3mp יְהוָ֖ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah Nyambe (Lozi) YHWH HNp לֹ֣א 𐤋𐤀 lo not HTn רָצָ֑/ם 𐤓𐤑/𐤌 ratsam he accepts them HVqp3ms/Sp3mp עַתָּ֞ה 𐤏𐤕𐤄 atah now HD יִזְכֹּ֤ר 𐤉𐤆𐤊𐤓 yizekor he will remember HVqi3ms עֲוֺנָ/ם֙ 𐤏𐤅𐤍/𐤌 aonam their iniquity HNcbsc/Sp3mp וְ/יִפְקֹ֣ד 𐤅/𐤉𐤐𐤒𐤃 veyifeqod and he will punish HC/Vqi3ms חַטֹּאותָ֔/ם 𐤇𐤈𐤀𐤅𐤕/𐤌 chatovtam their sins HNcfpc/Sp3mp הֵ֖מָּה 𐤄𐤌𐤄 hemah they HPp3mp מִצְרַ֥יִם 𐤌𐤑𐤓𐤉𐤌 mitserayim Egypt HNp יָשֽׁוּבוּ 𐤉𐤔𐤅𐤁𐤅 yashuvu will return HVqi3mp

and forgot Israel his Maker and built palaces and Judah has multiplied cities fortified and I will send fire on his cities and it will devour its fortresses

14 וַ/יִּשְׁכַּ֨ח 𐤅/𐤉𐤔𐤊𐤇 vayishekach and forgot HC/Vqw3ms יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 yiserael Israel HNp אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et his HTo עֹשֵׂ֗/הוּ 𐤏𐤔/𐤄𐤅 osehu Maker HVqrmsc/Sp3ms וַ/יִּ֨בֶן֙ 𐤅/𐤉𐤁𐤍 vayiven and built HC/Vqw3ms הֵֽיכָל֔וֹת 𐤄𐤉𐤊𐤋𐤅𐤕 heykhalot palaces HNcmpa וִֽ/יהוּדָ֕ה 𐤅/𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤃𐤄 vihudah and Judah HC/Np הִרְבָּ֖ה 𐤄𐤓𐤁𐤄 hirebah has multiplied HVhp3ms עָרִ֣ים 𐤏𐤓𐤉𐤌 arim cities HNcfpa בְּצֻר֑וֹת 𐤁𐤑𐤓𐤅𐤕 betsurot fortified HAafpa וְ/שִׁלַּחְתִּי 𐤅/𐤔𐤋𐤇𐤕𐤉 veshilacheti and I will send HC/Vpq1cs אֵ֣שׁ 𐤀𐤔 esh fire HNcbsa בְּ/עָרָ֔י/ו 𐤁/𐤏𐤓𐤉/𐤅 bearayv on his cities HR/Ncfpc/Sp3ms וְ/אָכְלָ֖ה 𐤅/𐤀𐤊𐤋𐤄 veakhelah and it will devour HC/Vqq3fs אַרְמְנֹתֶֽי/הָ 𐤀𐤓𐤌𐤍𐤕𐤉/𐤄 aremenoteyha its fortresses HNcmpc/Sp3fs

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