אֵסַר־חַדּוֹן
𐤀𐤎𐤓־𐤇𐤃𐤅𐤍
Esar Chadon
H634 noun
SILEX Entry
Definition
Proper name designating Esar-haddon, a king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire who reigned roughly 681–669 BCE. Used in the Hebrew Bible as a reference to this historical figure, the word denotes the reigning Assyrian monarch known for his conquest of Babylon and campaigns in the Levant, including involvement in the affairs of Israel and Judah.
Semantic Range
Esar-haddon (Neo-Assyrian monarch), designation of a specific Assyrian king; proper name only
Root / Etymology
The name is borrowed from Akkadian Aššur-aḫa-iddina, meaning 'Aššur (the chief Assyrian deity) has given a brother.' The component parts are: Aššur (the god), aḫa ('brother'), and iddina ('has given').
Historical & Contextual Notes
The term occurs in post-monarchic, exilic, and post-exilic texts referencing Neo-Assyrian imperial history, notably in the context of Assyrian intervention in the affairs of Israelite and Judahite polities. Its presence in the Hebrew Bible (2 Kings 19:37; Ezra 4:2) reflects both historical memory of Assyrian rule and the incorporation of foreign regal titles into Hebrew texts. English translations consistently render it as 'Esar-haddon,' though the original Akkadian preserves distinct elements lost in transliteration. This word is strictly a proper name and does not eventuate into other lexical senses within the biblical corpus.
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
of foreign derivation; Esar-chaddon, an Assyrian king; Esar-haddon.
Bantu Hebrew
No Bantu Hebrew comparisons have been recorded for this word yet.
Root Family
uncertain (Baleadan) — uncertain
| Strong's | Lemma | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
| H1002 | בִּירָה | the citadel |
| H105 | אֲגַרְטָל | bowls of |
| H1081 | בַּלְאֲדָן | Baladan |
| H1085 | בִּלְדַּד | Bildad |
| H1095 | בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּר | Belteshatsar |
Word Forms
2 distinct forms
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H634-01 |
חַדֹּ֥ן | chadon | HNp |
his son | Esar-haddon | Esar Chadon | 3 |
H634-02 |
אֵֽסַר | esar | HNp |
Esarhaddon | Esar-haddon | Esar Chadon | 3 |
Occurrences in Scripture
6 occurrences
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H634-02 |
2 Kings 19:37 | אֵֽסַר | esar | HNp |
Esarhaddon | Esar-haddon | Esar Chadon |
H634-01 |
2 Kings 19:37 | חַדֹּ֥ן | chadon | HNp |
his son | Esar-haddon | Esar Chadon |
H634-02 |
Isaiah 37:38 | אֵֽסַר | esar | HNp |
Esarhaddon | Esar-haddon | Esar Chadon |
H634-01 |
Isaiah 37:38 | חַדֹּ֥ן | chadon | HNp |
his son | Esar-haddon | Esar Chadon |
H634-02 |
Ezra 4:2 | אֵסַ֤ר | esar | HNp |
Esar | Esar-haddon | Esar Chadon |
H634-01 |
Ezra 4:2 | חַדֹּן֙ | chadon | HNp |
haddon | Esar-haddon | Esar Chadon |