Esther 4

Mordecai learns of Haman's decree to annihilate the Jews, tears his clothes, dons sackcloth and ashes (שַׂק וָאֵפֶר), and mourns publicly before the king's gate, prompting widespread Jewish fasting and lamentation. Through the eunuch Hathach, he urges Esther to plead (בָּקַשׁ) with Ahasuerus despite the mortal risk of uninvited approach, warning that silence will not save her and declaring she came to the kingdom 'for such a time as this'; Esther resolves to fast with her maids and the Jews of Shushan for three days, then go to the king, saying 'if I perish (אָבַד), I perish.'

Interlinear Text

Verse 1 וּ/מָרְדֳּכַ֗י 𐤅/𐤌𐤓𐤃𐤊𐤉 umaredokhay and-Mordecai and Mordecai HC/Np יָדַע֙ 𐤉𐤃𐤏 yada knew he has known HVqp3ms אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et direct object marker (definite object-marker) HTo כָּל 𐤊𐤋 kal all whole-of HNcmsa אֲשֶׁ֣ר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher that that-which HTr נַעֲשָׂ֔ה 𐤍𐤏𐤔𐤄 naasah had-been-done has been made HVNp3ms וַ/יִּקְרַ֤ע 𐤅/𐤉𐤒𐤓𐤏 vayiqera and-he-tore and he called out HC/Vqw3ms מָרְדֳּכַי֙ 𐤌𐤓𐤃𐤊𐤉 maredokhay Mordecai Mordecai HNp אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et-2 direct object marker (definite object-marker) HTo בְּגָדָ֔י/ו 𐤁𐤂𐤃𐤉/𐤅 begadayv his-garments his coverings HNcmpc/Sp3ms וַ/יִּלְבַּ֥שׁ 𐤅/𐤉𐤋𐤁𐤔 vayilebash and-he-put-on and he clothed himself HC/Vqw3ms שַׂ֖ק 𐤔𐤒 saq sackcloth a coarse-mesh sackcloth HNcmsa וָ/אֵ֑פֶר 𐤅/𐤀𐤐𐤓 vaefer and-ashes and ash HC/Ncmsa וַ/יֵּצֵא֙ 𐤅/𐤉𐤑𐤀 vayetse and-he-went-out and he went forth HC/Vqw3ms בְּ/ת֣וֹךְ 𐤁/𐤕𐤅𐤊 betokhe in-midst-of in the midst of HR/Ncmsc הָ/עִ֔יר 𐤄/𐤏𐤉𐤓 hair the-city the watch-guarded city HTd/Ncfsa וַ/יִּזְעַ֛ק 𐤅/𐤉𐤆𐤏𐤒 vayizeaq and-he-cried and he cried out in anguish HC/Vqw3ms זְעָקָ֥ה 𐤆𐤏𐤒𐤄 zeaqah a-cry a shrieking outcry HNcfsa גְדֹלָ֖ה 𐤂𐤃𐤋𐤄 gedolah great great (feminine singular) HAafsa וּ/מָרָֽה 𐤅/𐤌𐤓𐤄 umarah and-bitter and bitter HC/Aafsa
Verse 3 וּ/בְ/כָל 𐤅/𐤁/𐤊𐤋 uvekhal And in every and in every HC/R/Ncmsc מְדִינָ֣ה 𐤌𐤃𐤉𐤍𐤄 medinah province a jurisdiction HNcfsa וּ/מְדִינָ֗ה 𐤅/𐤌𐤃𐤉𐤍𐤄 umedinah and province and a judge-ruled district HC/Ncfsa מְקוֹם֙ 𐤌𐤒𐤅𐤌 meqom place standing-place of HNcmsc אֲשֶׁ֨ר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher where that-which HTr דְּבַר 𐤃𐤁𐤓 devar word/command word-of HNcmsc הַ/מֶּ֤לֶךְ 𐤄/𐤌𐤋𐤊 hamelekhe of the king the king HTd/Ncmsa וְ/דָת/וֹ֙ 𐤅/𐤃𐤕/𐤅 vedato and his decree and his binding decree HC/Ncfsc/Sp3ms מַגִּ֔יעַ 𐤌𐤂𐤉𐤏 magia reached one reaching/touching HVhrmsa אֵ֤בֶל 𐤀𐤁𐤋 evel mourning mourning HNcmsa גָּדוֹל֙ 𐤂𐤃𐤅𐤋 gadol great grown-great HAamsa לַ/יְּהוּדִ֔ים 𐤋/𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤃𐤉𐤌 layehudim among the Jews to the Judahites HRd/Ngmpa וְ/צ֥וֹם 𐤅/𐤑𐤅𐤌 vetsom and fasting and a fasting HC/Ncmsa וּ/בְכִ֖י 𐤅/𐤁𐤊𐤉 uvekhi and weeping and a weeping HC/Ncmsa וּ/מִסְפֵּ֑ד 𐤅/𐤌𐤎𐤐𐤃 umiseped and wailing and a wailing-lament HC/Ncmsa שַׂ֣ק 𐤔𐤒 saq sackcloth a coarse-mesh sackcloth HNcmsa וָ/אֵ֔פֶר 𐤅/𐤀𐤐𐤓 vaefer and ashes and ash HC/Ncmsa יֻצַּ֖ע 𐤉𐤑𐤏 yutsa was laid he/it was caused to be spread out HVHi3ms לָֽ/רַבִּֽים 𐤋/𐤓𐤁𐤉𐤌 larabim for many to the many ones HRd/Aampa
Verse 4 וַ֠/תָּבוֹאינָה 𐤅/𐤕𐤁𐤅𐤀𐤉𐤍𐤄 vatavoynah came and they-women came HC/Vqw3fp נַעֲר֨וֹת 𐤍𐤏𐤓𐤅𐤕 naarot maidens young maidens of HNcfpc אֶסְתֵּ֤ר 𐤀𐤎𐤕𐤓 eseter Esther's Hidden One (woman) HNp וְ/סָרִיסֶ֨י/הָ֙ 𐤅/𐤎𐤓𐤉𐤎𐤉/𐤄 vesariseyha and her eunuchs and her castrated court-officials HC/Ncmpc/Sp3fs וַ/יַּגִּ֣ידוּ 𐤅/𐤉𐤂𐤉𐤃𐤅 vayagidu told and they made known HC/Vhw3mp לָ֔/הּ 𐤋/𐤄 lah her HR/Sp3fs וַ/תִּתְחַלְחַ֥ל 𐤅/𐤕𐤕𐤇𐤋𐤇𐤋 vatitechalechal trembled and she writhed in trembling HC/Vfw3fs הַ/מַּלְכָּ֖ה 𐤄/𐤌𐤋𐤊𐤄 hamalekah the queen the reigning-queen HTd/Ncfsa מְאֹ֑ד 𐤌𐤀𐤃 meod greatly mightily HD וַ/תִּשְׁלַ֨ח 𐤅/𐤕𐤔𐤋𐤇 vatishelach sent and she sent forth HC/Vqw3fs בְּגָדִ֜ים 𐤁𐤂𐤃𐤉𐤌 begadim garments covering-garments HNcmpa לְ/הַלְבִּ֣ישׁ 𐤋/𐤄𐤋𐤁𐤉𐤔 lehalebish to clothe to cause to be clothed HR/Vhc אֶֽת 𐤀𐤕 et [direct object marker] (definite object-marker) HTo מָרְדֳּכַ֗י 𐤌𐤓𐤃𐤊𐤉 maredokhay Mordecai Mordecai HNp וּ/לְ/הָסִ֥יר 𐤅/𐤋/𐤄𐤎𐤉𐤓 ulehasir and to remove and to cause to turn aside HC/R/Vhc שַׂקּ֛/וֹ 𐤔𐤒/𐤅 saqo his sackcloth his coarse-mesh sack HNcmsc/Sp3ms מֵ/עָלָ֖י/ו 𐤌/𐤏𐤋𐤉/𐤅 mealayv from upon him from upon him HR/R/Sp3ms וְ/לֹ֥א 𐤅/𐤋𐤀 velo but not and not HC/Tn קִבֵּֽל 𐤒𐤁𐤋 qibel he accepted he received HVpp3ms
Verse 8 וְ/אֶת 𐤅/𐤀𐤕 veet and the and (the very) HC/To פַּתְשֶׁ֣גֶן 𐤐𐤕𐤔𐤂𐤍 pateshegen copy copy of HNcmsc כְּתָֽב 𐤊𐤕𐤁 ketav of the document you wrote HNcmsc הַ֠/דָּת 𐤄/𐤃𐤕 hadat of the edict the binding decree HTd/Ncfsa אֲשֶׁר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher which that-which HTr נִתַּ֨ן 𐤍𐤕𐤍 nitan had been given he was given HVNp3ms בְּ/שׁוּשָׁ֤ן 𐤁/𐤔𐤅𐤔𐤍 beshushan in Susa in Shushan (Lily-City) HR/Np לְ/הַשְׁמִידָ/ם֙ 𐤋/𐤄𐤔𐤌𐤉𐤃/𐤌 lehashemidam to destroy them to cause them to be annihilated HR/Vhc/Sp3mp נָ֣תַן 𐤍𐤕𐤍 natan he gave he gave HVqp3ms ל֔/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo to him HR/Sp3ms לְ/הַרְא֥וֹת 𐤋/𐤄𐤓𐤀𐤅𐤕 lehareot to show to cause to see HR/Vhc אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et it (definite object-marker) HTo אֶסְתֵּ֖ר 𐤀𐤎𐤕𐤓 eseter to Esther Hidden One (woman) HNp וּ/לְ/הַגִּ֣יד 𐤅/𐤋/𐤄𐤂𐤉𐤃 ulehagid and to tell and to cause to declare openly HC/R/Vhc לָ֑/הּ 𐤋/𐤄 lah to her HR/Sp3fs וּ/לְ/צַוּ֣וֹת 𐤅/𐤋/𐤑𐤅𐤅𐤕 uletsauot and to command and to lay charge HC/R/Vpc עָלֶ֗י/הָ 𐤏𐤋𐤉/𐤄 aleyha her upon her HR/Sp3fs לָ/ב֨וֹא 𐤋/𐤁𐤅𐤀 lavo to go to come HR/Vqc אֶל 𐤀𐤋 el to toward HR הַ/מֶּ֧לֶךְ 𐤄/𐤌𐤋𐤊 hamelekhe the king the king HTd/Ncmsa לְ/הִֽתְחַנֶּן 𐤋/𐤄𐤕𐤇𐤍𐤍 lehitechanen to make supplication to seek gracious favor for oneself HR/Vtc ל֛/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo-2 to him HR/Sp3ms וּ/לְ/בַקֵּ֥שׁ 𐤅/𐤋/𐤁𐤒𐤔 ulevaqesh and to plead and to earnestly seek HC/R/Vpc מִ/לְּ/פָנָ֖י/ו 𐤌/𐤋/𐤐𐤍𐤉/𐤅 milefanayv before him from before his face HR/R/Ncbpc/Sp3ms עַל 𐤏𐤋 al for upon (up-over) HR עַמָּֽ/הּ 𐤏𐤌/𐤄 amah her people mother-cubit HNcmsc/Sp3fs
Verse 11 כָּל 𐤊𐤋 kal All whole-of HNcmsc עַבְדֵ֣י 𐤏𐤁𐤃𐤉 avedey servants servants of HNcmpc הַ/מֶּ֡לֶךְ 𐤄/𐤌𐤋𐤊 hamelekhe of the king the king HTd/Ncmsa וְ/עַם 𐤅/𐤏𐤌 veam and the people and a bound-together people HC/Ncmsc מְדִינ֨וֹת 𐤌𐤃𐤉𐤍𐤅𐤕 medinot of the provinces governed-districts of HNcfpc הַ/מֶּ֜לֶךְ 𐤄/𐤌𐤋𐤊 hamelekhe-2 of the king the king HTd/Ncmsa יֽוֹדְעִ֗ים 𐤉𐤅𐤃𐤏𐤉𐤌 yodeim know the knowing ones HVqrmpa אֲשֶׁ֣ר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher that that-which HTr כָּל 𐤊𐤋 kal-2 any whole-of HNcmsc אִ֣ישׁ 𐤀𐤉𐤔 ish man individual man HNcmsa וְ/אִשָּׁ֡ה 𐤅/𐤀𐤔𐤄 veishah or woman and a woman HC/Ncfsa אֲשֶׁ֣ר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher-2 who that-which HTr יָבֽוֹא 𐤉𐤁𐤅𐤀 yavo comes he comes HVqi3ms אֶל 𐤀𐤋 el to toward HR הַ/מֶּלֶךְ֩ 𐤄/𐤌𐤋𐤊 hamelekhe-3 the king the king HTd/Ncmsa אֶל 𐤀𐤋 el-2 into toward HR הֶ/חָצֵ֨ר 𐤄/𐤇𐤑𐤓 hechatser the inner court the enclosed-court HTd/Ncbsa הַ/פְּנִימִ֜ית 𐤄/𐤐𐤍𐤉𐤌𐤉𐤕 hapenimit the inner the inner (feminine singular) HTd/Aafsa אֲשֶׁ֣ר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher-3 who that-which HTr לֹֽא 𐤋𐤀 lo is not not HTn יִקָּרֵ֗א 𐤉𐤒𐤓𐤀 yiqare called he will be called HVNi3ms אַחַ֤ת 𐤀𐤇𐤕 achat Eka (Bemba) one one (feminine singular) HAcfsa דָּת/וֹ֙ 𐤃𐤕/𐤅 dato law of it his decree HNcfsc/Sp3ms לְ/הָמִ֔ית 𐤋/𐤄𐤌𐤉𐤕 lehamit to put to death to cause to die HR/Vhc לְ֠/בַד 𐤋/𐤁𐤃 levad except to-separateness HR/Ncmsa מֵ/אֲשֶׁ֨ר 𐤌/𐤀𐤔𐤓 measher such to whom from-that-which HR/Tr יֽוֹשִׁיט 𐤉𐤅𐤔𐤉𐤈 yoshit extends he will cause to stretch out HVhi3ms ל֥/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo-2 to him HR/Sp3ms הַ/מֶּ֛לֶךְ 𐤄/𐤌𐤋𐤊 hamelekhe-4 the king the king HTd/Ncmsa אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et the (definite object-marker) HTo שַׁרְבִ֥יט 𐤔𐤓𐤁𐤉𐤈 sharevit scepter rod-of-rule HNcmsc הַ/זָּהָ֖ב 𐤄/𐤆𐤄𐤁 hazahav golden the shimmering gold HTd/Ncmsa וְ/חָיָ֑ה 𐤅/𐤇𐤉𐤄 vechayah that he may live and he lived HC/Vqq3ms וַ/אֲנִ֗י 𐤅/𐤀𐤍𐤉 vaani Ine (Bemba) but I and I myself HC/Pp1cs לֹ֤א 𐤋𐤀 lo-3 have not not HTn נִקְרֵ֨אתי֙ 𐤍𐤒𐤓𐤀𐤕𐤉 niqerety been called I have been called HVNp1cs לָ/ב֣וֹא 𐤋/𐤁𐤅𐤀 lavo to come to come HR/Vqc אֶל 𐤀𐤋 el-3 to toward HR הַ/מֶּ֔לֶךְ 𐤄/𐤌𐤋𐤊 hamelekhe-5 the king the king HTd/Ncmsa זֶ֖ה 𐤆𐤄 zeh these this one (masculine singular) HPdxms שְׁלוֹשִׁ֥ים 𐤔𐤋𐤅𐤔𐤉𐤌 sheloshim thirty three-tens HAcbpa יֽוֹם 𐤉𐤅𐤌 yom days day HNcmsa
Verse 14 כִּ֣י 𐤊𐤉 ki for for (as reason or ground) HC אִם 𐤀𐤌 im if if HC הַחֲרֵ֣שׁ 𐤄𐤇𐤓𐤔 hacharesh you-are-silent Be silent! (you, masculine singular) HVha תַּחֲרִישִׁי֮ 𐤕𐤇𐤓𐤉𐤔𐤉 tacharishi you-keep-silent Make yourself silent (you woman) HVhi2fs בָּ/עֵ֣ת 𐤁/𐤏𐤕 baet at-the-time at the appointed time HRd/Ncbsa הַ/זֹּאת֒ 𐤄/𐤆𐤀𐤕 hazot this this (feminine singular) HTd/Pdxfs רֶ֣וַח 𐤓𐤅𐤇 revach relief widening-space HNcmsa וְ/הַצָּלָ֞ה 𐤅/𐤄𐤑𐤋𐤄 vehatsalah and-deliverance and rescue HC/Ncfsa יַעֲמ֤וֹד 𐤉𐤏𐤌𐤅𐤃 yaamod will-arise he will stand firm HVqi3ms לַ/יְּהוּדִים֙ 𐤋/𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤃𐤉𐤌 layehudim for-the-Jews to the Judahites HRd/Ngmpa מִ/מָּק֣וֹם 𐤌/𐤌𐤒𐤅𐤌 mimaqom from-place from a standing-place HR/Ncmsa אַחֵ֔ר 𐤀𐤇𐤓 acher another another (masculine one) HAamsa וְ/אַ֥תְּ 𐤅/𐤀𐤕 veate and-you and you (feminine singular) HC/Pp2fs וּ/בֵית 𐤅/𐤁𐤉𐤕 uveyt and-house and house-of HC/Ncmsc אָבִ֖י/ךְ 𐤀𐤁𐤉/𐤊 avikhe of-your-father your father (feminine singular) HNcmsc/Sp2fs תֹּאבֵ֑דוּ 𐤕𐤀𐤁𐤃𐤅 tovedu will-perish you (masculine plural) will wander away and perish HVqi2mp וּ/מִ֣י 𐤅/𐤌𐤉 umi and-who and who? HC/Ti יוֹדֵ֔עַ 𐤉𐤅𐤃𐤏 yodea knows one who knows HVqrmsa אִם 𐤀𐤌 im-2 if if HC לְ/עֵ֣ת 𐤋/𐤏𐤕 leet for-time for a season HR/Ncbsa כָּ/זֹ֔את 𐤊/𐤆𐤀𐤕 kazot like-this this (feminine) HR/Pdxfs הִגַּ֖עַתְּ 𐤄𐤂𐤏𐤕 higaate you-have-come you (fem.) have caused to touch HVhp2fs לַ/מַּלְכֽוּת 𐤋/𐤌𐤋𐤊𐤅𐤕 lamalekhut to-the-kingdom to the kingship HRd/Ncfsa
Verse 16 לֵךְ֩ 𐤋𐤊 lekhe Go Walk! HVqv2ms כְּנ֨וֹס 𐤊𐤍𐤅𐤎 kenos gather Gather in! (masculine singular) / to gather in HVqv2ms אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et together (definite object-marker) HTo כָּל 𐤊𐤋 kal all whole-of HNcmsc הַ/יְּהוּדִ֜ים 𐤄/𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤃𐤉𐤌 hayehudim the Jews the Judahites HTd/Ngmpa הַֽ/נִּמְצְאִ֣ים 𐤄/𐤍𐤌𐤑𐤀𐤉𐤌 hanimetseim who are found the ones being found HTd/VNrmpa בְּ/שׁוּשָׁ֗ן 𐤁/𐤔𐤅𐤔𐤍 beshushan in Susa in Shushan (Lily-City) HR/Np וְ/צ֣וּמוּ 𐤅/𐤑𐤅𐤌𐤅 vetsumu and fast and you (m.pl.) fast—cover your mouths HC/Vqv2mp עָ֠לַ/י 𐤏𐤋/𐤉 alay for me upon me HR/Sp1cs וְ/אַל 𐤅/𐤀𐤋 veal and not and let not HC/Tn תֹּאכְל֨וּ 𐤕𐤀𐤊𐤋𐤅 tokhelu eat you men will eat HVqj2mp וְ/אַל 𐤅/𐤀𐤋 veal-2 nor and let not HC/Tn תִּשְׁתּ֜וּ 𐤕𐤔𐤕𐤅 tishetu drink you men shall drink HVqj2mp שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת 𐤔𐤋𐤔𐤕 sheloshet three three-of HAcmsc יָמִים֙ 𐤉𐤌𐤉𐤌 yamim days warm-days HNcmpa לַ֣יְלָה 𐤋𐤉𐤋𐤄 layelah night night — the light-turned time HNcmsa וָ/י֔וֹם 𐤅/𐤉𐤅𐤌 vayom and day the hot day HC/Ncmsa גַּם 𐤂𐤌 gam also also HTa אֲנִ֥י 𐤀𐤍𐤉 ani Ine (Bemba) I I (myself) HPp1cs וְ/נַעֲרֹתַ֖/י 𐤅/𐤍𐤏𐤓𐤕/𐤉 venaarotay and my maidens and my young-women HC/Ncfpc/Sp1cs אָצ֣וּם 𐤀𐤑𐤅𐤌 atsum will fast a mighty one HVqi1cs כֵּ֑ן 𐤊𐤍 ken likewise thus, in an established way HTm וּ/בְ/כֵ֞ן 𐤅/𐤁/𐤊𐤍 uvekhen and so and in such a firmly-set way HC/R/D אָב֤וֹא 𐤀𐤁𐤅𐤀 avo I will go I will cause-to-come HVqi1cs אֶל 𐤀𐤋 el to toward HR הַ/מֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ 𐤄/𐤌𐤋𐤊 hamelekhe the king the king HTd/Ncmsa אֲשֶׁ֣ר 𐤀𐤔𐤓 asher which that-which HTr לֹֽא 𐤋𐤀 lo not not HTn כַ/דָּ֔ת 𐤊/𐤃𐤕 khadat according to the law according to the decree HRd/Ncfsa וְ/כַ/אֲשֶׁ֥ר 𐤅/𐤊/𐤀𐤔𐤓 vekhaasher and as and according as HC/R/Tr אָבַ֖דְתִּי 𐤀𐤁𐤃𐤕𐤉 avadeti I perish I have wandered away HVqp1cs אָבָֽדְתִּי 𐤀𐤁𐤃𐤕𐤉 avadeti-2 I perish I have wandered away HVqp1cs