James 4
James attributes quarrels and fights among believers to internal passions and lusts, urging them to ask God rightly rather than with selfish motives, to submit to God, resist the devil, draw near to Him, and humble themselves, as God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble[1][2][3]. He warns against worldliness likened to spiritual adultery, boasts of arrogant plans ignoring life's brevity like a vapor, and stresses saying 'If the Lord wills' while noting that knowing good and not doing it is sin[1][3].
Interlinear Text
From where wars and from where fightings among you not hence of the lusts your that wage war in your members your
1
πόθεν
pothen
From where
ADV
πόλεμοι
polemoi
wars
N NOM M PL
καὶ
kai
and
CONJ
πόθεν
pothen-2
from where
ADV
μάχαι
machai
fightings
N NOM F PL
ἐν
en
among
PREP DAT
ὑμῖν
umin
you
PRO.P 2P DAT PL
οὐκ
ouk
not
T
ἐντεῦθεν
enteuthen
hence
ADV
ἐκ
ek
of
PREP GEN
τῶν
ton
the
ART GEN F PL
ἡδονῶν
edonon
lusts
N GEN F PL
ὑμῶν
umon
your
PRO.P 2P GEN PL
τῶν
ton-2
that
PRO.D GEN F PL
στρατευομένων
strateuomenon
wage war
V PRS MID PTCP GEN F PL
ἐν
en-2
in
PREP DAT
τοῖς
tois
your
ART DAT N PL
μέλεσιν
melesin
members
N DAT N PL
ὑμῶν
umon-2
your
PRO.P 2P GEN PL
You lust and not have you murder and you envy and not you are able to obtain you fight and you war not have because of the not ask you
2
ἐπιθυμεῖτε
epithumeite
You lust
V PRS ACT IND 2P PL
καὶ
kai
and
CONJ
οὐκ
ouk
not
ADV
ἔχετε
echete
have
V PRS ACT IND 2P PL
φονεύετε
phoneuete
you murder
V PRS ACT IND 2P PL
καὶ
kai-2
and
CONJ
ζηλοῦτε
zeloute
you envy
V PRS ACT IND 2P PL
καὶ
kai-3
and
CONJ
οὐ
ou
not
ADV
δύνασθε
dunasthe
you are able
V PRS MID IND 2P PL
ἐπιτυχεῖν
epituchein
to obtain
V AOR ACT INF
μάχεσθε
machesthe
you fight
V PRS MID IND 2P PL
καὶ
kai-4
and
CONJ
πολεμεῖτε
polemeite
you war
V PRS ACT IND 2P PL
οὐκ
ouk-2
not
ADV
ἔχετε
echete-2
have
V PRS ACT IND 2P PL
διὰ
dia
because of
PREP ACC
τὸ
to
the
PRO.D ACC N SG
μὴ
me
not
ADV
αἰτεῖσθαι
aiteisthai
ask
V PRS MID INF
ὑμᾶς
umas
you
PRO.P 2P ACC PL
You ask and not receive because amiss/wrongly you ask that on/in your pleasures your you may spend
3
αἰτεῖτε
aiteite
You ask
V PRS ACT IND 2P PL
καὶ
kai
and
CONJ
οὐ
ou
not
ADV
λαμβάνετε
lambanete
receive
V PRS ACT IND 2P PL
διότι
dioti
because
CONJ.S
κακῶς
kakos
amiss/wrongly
ADV
αἰτεῖσθε
aiteisthe
you ask
V PRS MID IND 2P PL
ἵνα
ina
that
CONJ.S
ἐν
en
on/in
PREP DAT
ταῖς
tais
your
ART DAT F PL
ἡδοναῖς
edonais
pleasures
N DAT F PL
ὑμῶν
umon
your
PRO.P 2P GEN PL
δαπανήσητε
dapanesete
you may spend
V AOR ACT SUBJ 2P PL
Adulteresses not do you know that the friendship of the world enmity of God is whoever if therefore wills a friend to be of the world enemy of God is made
4
μοιχαλίδες
moichalides
Adulteresses
N VOC F PL
οὐκ
ouk
not
T
οἴδατε
oidate
do you know
V PRF ACT IND 2P PL
ὅτι
oti
that
CONJ.S
ἡ
e
the
ART NOM F SG
φιλία
philia
friendship
N NOM F SG
τοῦ
tou
of the
ART GEN M SG
κόσμου
kosmou
world
N GEN M SG
ἔχθρα
echthra
enmity
N NOM F SG
τοῦ
tou-2
of
ART GEN M SG
Θεοῦ
theou
God
N GEN M SG
ἐστιν
estin
is
V PRS ACT IND 3P SG
ὃς
os
whoever
PRO.R NOM M SG
ἐὰν
ean
if
T
οὖν
oun
therefore
CONJ
βουληθῇ
boulethe
wills
V AOR PASS SUBJ 3P SG
φίλος
philos
a friend
ADJ.S NOM M SG
εἶναι
einai
to be
V PRS ACT INF
τοῦ
tou-3
of the
ART GEN M SG
κόσμου
kosmou-2
world
N GEN M SG
ἐχθρὸς
echthros
enemy
ADJ.S NOM M SG
τοῦ
tou-4
of
ART GEN M SG
Θεοῦ
theou-2
God
N GEN M SG
καθίσταται
kathistatai
is made
V PRS PASS IND 3P SG
Or do you think that in vain the Scripture says to envy yearns the Spirit that He caused to dwell in us
5
ἢ
e
Or
CONJ
δοκεῖτε
dokeite
do you think
V PRS ACT IND 2P PL
ὅτι
oti
that
CONJ.S
κενῶς
kenos
in vain
ADV
ἡ
e-2
the
ART NOM F SG
Γραφὴ
graphe
Scripture
N NOM F SG
λέγει
legei
says
V PRS ACT IND 3P SG
πρὸς
pros
to
PREP ACC
φθόνον
phthonon
envy
N ACC M SG
ἐπιποθεῖ
epipothei
yearns
V PRS ACT IND 3P SG
τὸ
to
the
ART NOM N SG
Πνεῦμα
pneuma
Spirit
N NOM N SG
ὃ
o
that
PRO.R NOM N SG
κατῴκισεν
katokisen
He caused to dwell
V AOR ACT IND 3P SG
ἐν
en
in
PREP DAT
ἡμῖν
emin
us
PRO.P 1P DAT PL
greater but He gives grace Therefore it says the God the proud resists the humble but gives grace
6
μείζονα
meizona
greater
ADJ.S ACC F SG
δὲ
de
but
CONJ
δίδωσιν
didosin
He gives
V PRS ACT IND 3P SG
χάριν
charin
grace
N ACC F SG
διὸ
dio
Therefore
CONJ
λέγει
legei
it says
V PRS ACT IND 3P SG
ὁ
o
the
ART NOM M SG
Θεὸς
theos
God
N NOM M SG
ὑπερηφάνοις
uperephanois
the proud
ADJ.S DAT M PL
ἀντιτάσσεται
antitassetai
resists
V PRS MID IND 3P SG
ταπεινοῖς
tapeinois
the humble
ADJ.S DAT M PL
δὲ
de-2
but
CONJ
δίδωσιν
didosin-2
gives
V PRS ACT IND 3P SG
χάριν
charin-2
grace
N ACC F SG
Submit yourselves therefore to God Resist but the devil and he will flee from you
7
ὑποτάγητε
upotagete
Submit yourselves
V AOR PASS IMP 2P PL
οὖν
oun
therefore
CONJ
τῷ
to
to
ART DAT M SG
Θεῷ
theo
God
N DAT M SG
ἀντίστητε
antistete
Resist
V AOR ACT IMP 2P PL
δὲ
de
but
CONJ
τῷ
to-2
the
ART DAT M SG
διαβόλῳ
diabolo
devil
ADJ.S DAT M SG
καὶ
kai
and
CONJ
φεύξεται
pheuxetai
he will flee
V FUT MID IND 3P SG
ἀφ’
aph
from
PREP GEN
ὑμῶν
umon
you
PRO.P 2P GEN PL
Draw near to God and He will draw near to you Cleanse your hands you sinners and purify your hearts you double-minded
8
ἐγγίσατε
eggisate
Draw near
V AOR ACT IMP 2P PL
τῷ
to
to
ART DAT M SG
Θεῷ
theo
God
N DAT M SG
καὶ
kai
and
CONJ
ἐγγιεῖ
eggiei
He will draw near
V FUT ACT IND 3P SG
ὑμῖν
umin
to you
PRO.P 2P DAT PL
καθαρίσατε
katharisate
Cleanse
V AOR ACT IMP 2P PL
χεῖρας
cheiras
your hands
N ACC F PL
ἁμαρτωλοί
amartoloi
you sinners
ADJ.S VOC M PL
καὶ
kai-2
and
CONJ
ἁγνίσατε
agnisate
purify
V AOR ACT IMP 2P PL
καρδίας
kardias
your hearts
N ACC F PL
δίψυχοι
dipsuchoi
you double-minded
ADJ.S VOC M PL
Be miserable and mourn and weep the laughter your to mourning let be turned and the joy to gloom
9
ταλαιπωρήσατε
talaiporesate
Be miserable
V AOR ACT IMP 2P PL
καὶ
kai
and
CONJ
πενθήσατε
penthesate
mourn
V AOR ACT IMP 2P PL
καὶ
kai-2
and
CONJ
κλαύσατε
klausate
weep
V AOR ACT IMP 2P PL
ὁ
o
the
ART NOM M SG
γέλως
gelos
laughter
N NOM M SG
ὑμῶν
umon
your
PRO.P 2P GEN PL
εἰς
eis
to
PREP ACC
πένθος
penthos
mourning
N ACC N SG
μετατραπήτω
metatrapeto
let be turned
V AOR PASS IMP 3P SG
καὶ
kai-3
and
CONJ
ἡ
e
the
DET.P NOM F SG
χαρὰ
chara
joy
N NOM F SG
εἰς
eis-2
to
PREP ACC
κατήφειαν
katepheian
gloom
N ACC F SG
Humble yourselves in the presence of the Lord and He will exalt you
Do not speak against one another brothers The one who speaks against a brother or judges his brother his speaks against the law and judges the law If but the law you judge not you are a doer of the law but a judge
11
μὴ
me
Do not
ADV
καταλαλεῖτε
katalaleite
speak against
V PRS ACT IMP 2P PL
ἀλλήλων
allelon
one another
PRO GEN M PL
ἀδελφοί
adelphoi
brothers
N VOC M PL
ὁ
o
The one
PRO.D NOM M SG
καταλαλῶν
katalalon
who speaks against
V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG
ἀδελφοῦ
adelphou
a brother
N GEN M SG
ἢ
e
or
CONJ
κρίνων
krinon
judges
V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG
τὸν
ton
his
ART ACC M SG
ἀδελφὸν
adelphon
brother
N ACC M SG
αὐτοῦ
autou
his
PRO.P 3P GEN M SG
καταλαλεῖ
katalalei
speaks against
V PRS ACT IND 3P SG
νόμου
nomou
the law
N GEN M SG
καὶ
kai
and
CONJ
κρίνει
krinei
judges
V PRS ACT IND 3P SG
νόμον
nomon
the law
N ACC M SG
εἰ
ei
If
CONJ.S
δὲ
de
but
CONJ
νόμον
nomon-2
the law
N ACC M SG
κρίνεις
krineis
you judge
V PRS ACT IND 2P SG
οὐκ
ouk
not
PART
εἶ
ei-2
you are
V PRS ACT IND 2P SG
ποιητὴς
poietes
a doer
N NOM M SG
νόμου
nomou-2
of the law
N GEN M SG
ἀλλὰ
alla
but
CONJ.C
κριτής
krites
a judge
N NOM M SG
one is lawgiver and judge the one who is able to save and to destroy you but who are the judging the neighbor
12
εἷς
eis
one
ADJ.P NOM M SG
ἐστιν
estin
is
V PRS ACT IND 3P SG
νομοθέτης
nomothetes
lawgiver
N NOM M SG
καὶ
kai
and
CONJ
κριτής
krites
judge
N NOM M SG
ὁ
o
the
PRO.D NOM M SG
δυνάμενος
dunamenos
one who is able
V PRS MID PTCP NOM M SG
σῶσαι
sosai
to save
V AOR ACT INF
καὶ
kai-2
and
CONJ
ἀπολέσαι
apolesai
to destroy
V AOR ACT INF
σὺ
su
you
PRO.P 2P NOM SG
δὲ
de
but
CONJ
τίς
tis
who
PRO.Q NOM M SG
εἶ
ei
are
V PRS ACT IND 2P SG
ὁ
o-2
the
PRO.D VOC M SG
κρίνων
krinon
judging
V PRS ACT PTCP VOC M SG
τὸν
ton
the
DET.P ACC M SG
πλησίον
plesion
neighbor
ADJ.S ACC M SG
Come now now who say Today or tomorrow we will go to this the city and will spend there a year and engage in business and make a profit
13
ἄγε
age
Come now
V PRS ACT IMP 2P SG
νῦν
nun
now
ADV
οἱ
oi
who
PRO.D VOC M PL
λέγοντες
legontes
say
V PRS ACT PTCP VOC M PL
σήμερον
semeron
Today
ADV
ἢ
e
or
CONJ
αὔριον
aurion
tomorrow
ADV
πορευσόμεθα
poreusometha
we will go
V FUT MID IND 1P PL
εἰς
eis
to
PREP ACC
τήνδε
tende
this
DET ACC F SG
τὴν
ten
the
ART ACC F SG
πόλιν
polin
city
N ACC F SG
καὶ
kai
and
CONJ
ποιήσομεν
poiesomen
will spend
V FUT ACT IND 1P PL
ἐκεῖ
ekei
there
ADV
ἐνιαυτὸν
eniauton
a year
N ACC M SG
καὶ
kai-2
and
CONJ
ἐμπορευσόμεθα
emporeusometha
engage in business
V FUT MID IND 1P PL
καὶ
kai-3
and
CONJ
κερδήσομεν
kerdesomen
make a profit
V FUT ACT IND 1P PL
who do not know the of the tomorrow what the life your vapor for you are the for a little appearing then and vanishing
14
οἵτινες
oitines
who
PRO.R NOM M PL
οὐκ
ouk
do not
ADV
ἐπίστασθε
epistasthe
know
V PRS MID IND 2P PL
τὸ
to
the
PRO.R ACC N SG
τῆς
tes
of the
PRO.D GEN F SG
αὔριον
aurion
tomorrow
ADV
ποία
poia
what
DET NOM F SG
ἡ
e
the
ART NOM F SG
ζωὴ
zoe
life
N NOM F SG
ὑμῶν
umon
your
PRO.P 2P GEN PL
ἀτμὶς
atmis
vapor
N NOM F SG
γάρ
gar
for
CONJ
ἐστε
este
you are
V PRS ACT IND 2P PL
ἡ
e-2
the
PRO.D NOM F SG
πρὸς
pros
for
PREP ACC
ὀλίγον
oligon
a little
PRO.I ACC N SG
φαινομένη
phainomene
appearing
V PRS MID PTCP NOM F SG
ἔπειτα
epeita
then
ADV
καὶ
kai
and
ADV
ἀφανιζομένη
aphanizomene
vanishing
V PRS PASS PTCP NOM F SG
Instead of the to say you If the Lord wills and we will live and we will do this or that
15
ἀντὶ
anti
Instead of
PREP GEN
τοῦ
tou
the
PRO.D GEN N SG
λέγειν
legein
to say
V PRS ACT INF
ὑμᾶς
umas
you
PRO.P 2P ACC PL
ἐὰν
ean
If
CONJ.S
ὁ
o
the
ART NOM M SG
Κύριος
kurios
Lord
N NOM M SG
θελήσῃ
thelese
wills
V AOR ACT SUBJ 3P SG
καὶ
kai
and
PART
ζήσομεν
zesomen
we will live
V FUT ACT IND 1P PL
καὶ
kai-2
and
CONJ.C
ποιήσομεν
poiesomen
we will do
V FUT ACT IND 1P PL
τοῦτο
touto
this
PRO.D ACC N SG
ἢ
e
or
CONJ
ἐκεῖνο
ekeino
that
PRO.D ACC N SG
now but you boast in your arrogance your all boasting such evil is
16
νῦν
nun
now
ADV
δὲ
de
but
CONJ
καυχᾶσθε
kauchasthe
you boast
V PRS MID IND 2P PL
ἐν
en
in
PREP DAT
ταῖς
tais
your
ART DAT F PL
ἀλαζονίαις
alazoniais
arrogance
N DAT F PL
ὑμῶν
umon
your
PRO.P 2P GEN PL
πᾶσα
pasa
all
QUAN NOM F SG
καύχησις
kauchesis
boasting
N NOM F SG
τοιαύτη
toiaute
such
DET NOM F SG
πονηρά
ponera
evil
ADJ.P NOM F SG
ἐστιν
estin
is
V PRS ACT IND 3P SG
to the one knowing therefore good to do and not doing sin to him it is
17
εἰδότι
eidoti
to the one knowing
V PRF ACT PTCP DAT M SG
οὖν
oun
therefore
CONJ
καλὸν
kalon
good
ADJ.S ACC N SG
ποιεῖν
poiein
to do
V PRS ACT INF
καὶ
kai
and
CONJ
μὴ
me
not
ADV
ποιοῦντι
poiounti
doing
V PRS ACT PTCP DAT M SG
ἁμαρτία
amartia
sin
N NOM F SG
αὐτῷ
auto
to him
PRO.P 3P DAT M SG
ἐστιν
estin
it is
V PRS ACT IND 3P SG